वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-35

इत्येतैः कारणैः सौम्य सुग्रीवस्य दुरात्मनः ।
अहं वानरराजस्य परिभूतः परंतप ॥३५॥

35. ityetaiḥ kāraṇaiḥ saumya sugrīvasya durātmanaḥ ,
ahaṃ vānararājasya paribhūtaḥ paraṃtapa.

35. iti etaiḥ kāraṇaiḥ saumya sugrīvasya durātmanaḥ
aham vānararājasya paribhūtaḥ paraṃtapa

35. saumya paraṃtapa iti etaiḥ kāraṇaiḥ durātmanaḥ
vānararājasya sugrīvasya aham paribhūtaḥ

35. O gentle one (saumya), O tormentor of foes (paraṃtapa), by these very reasons, I have been disregarded by that wicked-minded Sugrīva, the king of the Vānaras.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, by these (reasons) (thus, so, in this manner)

• एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (reasons) (by these)

• कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons (by reasons, by causes)

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (O gentle one, O son of Soma)

• सुग्रीवस्य (sugrīvasya) - of Sugrīva (of Sugriva)

• दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of the wicked-minded (of the wicked-minded, of the evil soul)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Rāma) (I)

• वानरराजस्य (vānararājasya) - of the king of the Vānaras (of the king of monkeys, of the Vānara king)

• परिभूतः (paribhūtaḥ) - disregarded, humiliated (disregarded, insulted, humiliated, despised)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, by these (reasons) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle, or indicating conclusion/summation.

Note: Refers to the preceding verse.

एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these (reasons) (by these)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'kāraṇaiḥ'.

कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons (by reasons, by causes)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix 'ana'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Specifies the means by which Rāma was disregarded.

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (O gentle one, O son of Soma)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent, agreeable; relating to Soma; son of Soma

From 'soma' (moon, a deity).

Note: Epithet for Lakṣmaṇa.

सुग्रीवस्य (sugrīvasya) - of Sugrīva (of Sugriva)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (proper noun, name of the Vānara king)

Note: Possessive, connected to 'durātmanaḥ' and 'vānararājasya'.

दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of the wicked-minded (of the wicked-minded, of the evil soul)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - wicked-minded, evil-minded, malevolent, having a bad soul (ātman)

Compound of 'dur-' (bad, difficult) and 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sugrīvasya'.

अहम् (aham) - I (Rāma) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

First person pronoun.

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied verb 'am').

वानरराजस्य (vānararājasya) - of the king of the Vānaras (of the king of monkeys, of the Vānara king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vānararāja

vānararāja - king of monkeys, king of Vānaras

Compound of 'vānara' (monkey) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+rāja)

• vānara – monkey, Vānara
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition with 'sugrīvasya'.

परिभूतः (paribhūtaḥ) - disregarded, humiliated (disregarded, insulted, humiliated, despised)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paribhūta

paribhūta - disregarded, insulted, humiliated, despised, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be) with prefix 'pari-'. Meaning 'to be treated lightly' or 'to be overcome'.

Prefix: pari

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes Rāma's state.

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies, hero

Compound of 'para' (enemy) and 'tapa' (tormentor, heat).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• tapa – heat, penance, tormentor
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tap' (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Lakṣmaṇa.