महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-57, verse-54

ध्वजवन्तोऽस्त्रवन्तश्च शस्त्रवन्तस्तथैव च ।
प्राकम्पन्त ततो राजंस्तव पुत्रे निपातिते ॥५४॥

54. dhvajavanto'stravantaśca śastravantastathaiva ca ,
prākampanta tato rājaṁstava putre nipātite.

54. dhvajavantaḥ astravantaḥ ca śastravantaḥ tathā eva
ca | prākampanta tataḥ rājan tava putre nipātite

54. rājan tava putre nipātite tataḥ dhvajavantaḥ
astravantaḥ ca śastravantaḥ tathā eva ca prākampanta

54. O King, when your son was struck down, those bearing banners, those with missiles (astra), and those with weapons (śastra) all trembled greatly.

Words meanings summery:

• ध्वजवन्तः (dhvajavantaḥ) - having banners, banner-bearers

• अस्त्रवन्तः (astravantaḥ) - having missiles, armed with missiles (astra)

• च (ca) - and

• शस्त्रवन्तः (śastravantaḥ) - having weapons, armed with weapons (śastra)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed

• च (ca) - and

• प्राकम्पन्त (prākampanta) - they trembled, they shook

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रे (putre) - in the son, upon the son

• निपातिते (nipātite) - having been struck down, having been killed

Words meanings and morphology

ध्वजवन्तः (dhvajavantaḥ) - having banners, banner-bearers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhvajavat

dhvajavat - furnished with a banner, bearing a standard

Possessive adjective formed with suffix -vat from dhvaja (banner)

अस्त्रवन्तः (astravantaḥ) - having missiles, armed with missiles (astra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of astravat

astravat - furnished with weapons or missiles (astra)

Possessive adjective formed with suffix -vat from astra (missile)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शस्त्रवन्तः (śastravantaḥ) - having weapons, armed with weapons (śastra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śastravat

śastravat - furnished with weapons (śastra)

Possessive adjective formed with suffix -vat from śastra (weapon)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्राकम्पन्त (prākampanta) - they trembled, they shook

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kamp

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada

Root kamp, class 1, with prefix pra. Laṅ (Imperfect) form.

Prefix: pra

Root: kamp (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

पुत्रे (putre) - in the son, upon the son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction: 'when the son was struck down'

निपातिते (nipātite) - having been struck down, having been killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, overthrown, killed, felled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction: 'when the son was struck down'