महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-57, verse-32

दुर्योधनेन पार्थस्तु विवरे संप्रदर्शिते ।
ईषदुत्स्मयमानस्तु सहसा प्रससार ह ॥३२॥

32. duryodhanena pārthastu vivare saṁpradarśite ,
īṣadutsmayamānastu sahasā prasasāra ha.

32. duryodhenena pārthaḥ tu vivare sampradarśite
īṣadutsmayamānaḥ tu sahasā prasasāra ha

32. duryodhenena vivare sampradarśite tu,
pārthaḥ tu īṣadutsmayamānaḥ sahasā prasasāra ha.

32. But when a vulnerability (vivara) was revealed by Duryodhana, Arjuna (Pārtha) smiled slightly and suddenly rushed forward.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधेनेन (duryodhenena) - by Duryodhana

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Partha (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī), Arjuna

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, moreover

• विवरे (vivare) - in a hole, in an opening, in a vulnerability, in a weak point

• सम्प्रदर्शिते (sampradarśite) - when shown, when revealed, when pointed out

• ईषदुत्स्मयमानः (īṣadutsmayamānaḥ) - slightly smiling, gently laughing

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, moreover

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

• प्रससार (prasasāra) - he rushed forward, he advanced, he spread

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, surely

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधेनेन (duryodhenena) - by Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Note: Agent of showing the vulnerability.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Partha (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī), Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from Pṛthā (another name for Kuntī).

Note: Subject of `prasasāra`.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a slight contrast or continuation.

विवरे (vivare) - in a hole, in an opening, in a vulnerability, in a weak point

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vivara

vivara - hole, opening, gap, interval, weak point, vulnerability

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `sampradarśite`.

सम्प्रदर्शिते (sampradarśite) - when shown, when revealed, when pointed out

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sampradarśita

sampradarśita - shown, revealed, pointed out

Past Passive Participle

From root dṛś- 'to see', with prefixes sam- and pra-, in causal form.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vivare` in locative absolute.

ईषदुत्स्मयमानः (īṣadutsmayamānaḥ) - slightly smiling, gently laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īṣadutsmayamāna

īṣadutsmayamāna - slightly smiling, gently laughing

Present Middle Participle

From root smi- 'to smile', with prefix ut-, and adverb īṣat- 'slightly'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (īṣat+utsmayamāna)

• īṣat – slightly, a little, gently
  indeclinable
• utsmayamāna – smiling, laughing (middle voice)
  adjective
  Present Middle Participle
  From root smi- 'to smile', with prefix ut-.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `pārthaḥ`.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

प्रससार (prasasāra) - he rushed forward, he advanced, he spread

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of prasṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Root sṛ- 'to flow, move'.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.