महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-57, verse-39

ततो मुहूर्तमाश्वस्य दुर्योधनमवस्थितम् ।
वेगेनाभ्यद्रवद्राजन्भीमसेनः प्रतापवान् ॥३९॥

39. tato muhūrtamāśvasya duryodhanamavasthitam ,
vegenābhyadravadrājanbhīmasenaḥ pratāpavān.

39. tataḥ muhūrtam āśvasya duryodhanam avasthitam |
vegena abhyadravat rājan bhīmasenaḥ pratāpavān

39. rājan tataḥ pratāpavān bhīmasenaḥ muhūrtam āśvasya avasthitam duryodhanam vegena abhyadravat.

39. Then, O King, the powerful Bhīmasena, having recovered for a moment, swiftly attacked Duryodhana, who was standing firm.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (a moment, a short time)

• आश्वस्य (āśvasya) - having recovered (having rested, having recovered, having taken breath)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing firm (standing, situated, firm)

• वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly (with speed, swiftly, forcibly)

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he swiftly attacked (he ran towards, he attacked)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (proper name)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful (powerful, glorious, mighty)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (a moment, a short time)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a period of time (48 minutes), an instant

Note: Adverbial accusative of duration.

आश्वस्य (āśvasya) - having recovered (having rested, having recovered, having taken breath)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ā and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Object of abhyadravat.

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing firm (standing, situated, firm)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - standing, situated, firm, stationary

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ava-sthā (to stand down, to stay) with suffix -ta.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies duryodhanam.

वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly (with speed, swiftly, forcibly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, rush

Note: Used adverbially.

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he swiftly attacked (he ran towards, he attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect tense, third person singular

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (a proper name, another name for Bhīma), having a terrible army

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful (powerful, glorious, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, majestic, splendid

Possessive suffix -vat from pratāpa.

Note: Qualifies bhīmasenaḥ.