महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-57, verse-33

तमभ्याशगतं प्राज्ञो रणे प्रेक्ष्य वृकोदरः ।
अवाक्षिपद्गदां तस्मै वेगेन महता बली ॥३३॥

33. tamabhyāśagataṁ prājño raṇe prekṣya vṛkodaraḥ ,
avākṣipadgadāṁ tasmai vegena mahatā balī.

33. tam abhyāśagatam prājñaḥ raṇe prekṣya vṛkodaraḥ
avākṣipat gadām tasmai vegena mahatā balī

33. raṇe abhyāśagatam tam prekṣya,
prājñaḥ balī vṛkodaraḥ mahatā vegena gadām tasmai avākṣipat.

33. Observing him (Duryodhana) approaching in battle, the sagacious Vrikodara (Bhīma), who was mighty, hurled his mace at him with great force.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, that)

• अभ्याशगतम् (abhyāśagatam) - having approached (Bhīma) (approached, come near, reached)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - the sagacious one (Bhīma) (wise, sagacious, intelligent)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battlefield (in battle, in combat)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen (Duryodhana) (having seen, having observed)

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma (Bhima (lit. wolf-bellied))

• अवाक्षिपत् (avākṣipat) - hurled down (his mace) (hurled down, threw)

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace

• तस्मै (tasmai) - at him (Duryodhana) (to him, for him)

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed (with speed, swiftly)

• महता (mahatā) - great (great, mighty)

• बली (balī) - the mighty one (Bhīma) (mighty, strong, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana, implied from previous context.

अभ्याशगतम् (abhyāśagatam) - having approached (Bhīma) (approached, come near, reached)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhyāśagata

abhyāśagata - approached, near, come near

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'abhi' and 'āśa' (near)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+āśa+gata)

• abhi – towards, near, against
  indeclinable
• āśa – near, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, approached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tam'.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - the sagacious one (Bhīma) (wise, sagacious, intelligent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, sagacious

Derived from pra-jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies Vṛkodaraḥ.

रणे (raṇe) - in the battlefield (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen (Duryodhana) (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root īkṣ (to see) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhīma (Bhima (lit. wolf-bellied))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied (epithet of Bhima)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अवाक्षिपत् (avākṣipat) - hurled down (his mace) (hurled down, threw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avākṣip

Root kṣip (to throw) with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: kṣip (class 6)

गदाम् (gadām) - mace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Object of 'avākṣipat'.

तस्मै (tasmai) - at him (Duryodhana) (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Recipient of the mace.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed (with speed, swiftly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, force, velocity

Root: vij (class 3)

महता (mahatā) - great (great, mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Modifies 'vegena'.

बली (balī) - the mighty one (Bhīma) (mighty, strong, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - mighty, strong, powerful

Suff. -in

Note: Modifies Vṛkodaraḥ.