महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-57, verse-45

स पपात नरव्याघ्रो वसुधामनुनादयन् ।
भग्नोरुर्भीमसेनेन पुत्रस्तव महीपते ॥४५॥

45. sa papāta naravyāghro vasudhāmanunādayan ,
bhagnorurbhīmasenena putrastava mahīpate.

45. saḥ papāta naravyāghraḥ vasudhām anunādayan
bhagnoruḥ bhīmasenena putraḥ tava mahīpate

45. mahīpate tava putraḥ naravyāghraḥ saḥ
bhīmasenena bhagnoruḥ vasudhām anunādayan papāta

45. That tiger among men (naravyāghra), your son, O King, fell, making the earth resound, his thighs broken by Bhimasena.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पपात (papāta) - fell

• नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - tiger among men, best of men

• वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth

• अनुनादयन् (anunādayan) - making resound, causing to echo

• भग्नोरुः (bhagnoruḥ) - with broken thighs

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhimasena (one of the Pandavas) (by Bhimasena)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• तव (tava) - your

• महीपते (mahīpate) - O king, O lord of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पपात (papāta) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Active

reduplicated perfect form of pat (class 1 verb)

Root: pat (class 1)

नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - tiger among men, best of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the son.

वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vasudhā

vasudhā - earth, the holder of wealth

अनुनादयन् (anunādayan) - making resound, causing to echo

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anunādayat

anunādayat - making resound, causing to echo

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Derived from √nad (to sound) with prefix anu, in causative dāya form, and then present active participle.

Prefix: anu

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (your son).

भग्नोरुः (bhagnoruḥ) - with broken thighs

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagnoru

bhagnoru - one whose thighs are broken

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhagna+uru)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• uru – thigh
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ' (your son).

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhimasena (one of the Pandavas) (by Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a proper name, lit. 'he who has a terrible army' or 'terrible warrior')

Note: Agent of the action of breaking thighs.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: In apposition to 'saḥ'.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Adjectival possessive.

महीपते (mahīpate) - O king, O lord of the earth

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.