महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-57, verse-15

को न्वेष संयुगे प्राज्ञः पुनर्द्वंद्वे समाह्वयेत् ।
अपि वो निर्जितं राज्यं न हरेत सुयोधनः ॥१५॥

15. ko nveṣa saṁyuge prājñaḥ punardvaṁdve samāhvayet ,
api vo nirjitaṁ rājyaṁ na hareta suyodhanaḥ.

15. kaḥ nu eṣa saṃyuge prājñaḥ punar dvandve samāhvayet
api vaḥ nirjitam rājyam na hareta suyodhanaḥ

15. nu prājñaḥ kaḥ eṣa saṃyuge punar dvandve samāhvayet
api vaḥ nirjitam rājyam suyodhanaḥ na hareta

15. Which wise person would indeed challenge this man to another duel in battle? Or would Suyodhana not seize the kingdom already won by you all?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, which

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then

• एष (eṣa) - this (man), he

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent (person)

• पुनर् (punar) - again, once more

• द्वन्द्वे (dvandve) - in a duel, in a pair

• समाह्वयेत् (samāhvayet) - would challenge, should challenge

• अपि (api) - even, also, moreover (introducing rhetorical question)

• वः (vaḥ) - by you (all), of you (all)

• निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - conquered, won

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, dominion

• न (na) - not

• हरेत (hareta) - would seize, would carry away, would take away

• सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Suyodhana

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then

(indeclinable)

एष (eṣa) - this (man), he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent (person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing

From 'prajñā' (wisdom) with 'aṇ' suffix, or from 'pra-jñā' root.

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुनर् (punar) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

द्वन्द्वे (dvandve) - in a duel, in a pair

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvandva

dvandva - pair, couple, duel, conflict

समाह्वयेत् (samāhvayet) - would challenge, should challenge

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of samāhvā

From root 'hvā' (to call) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'ā-'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, moreover (introducing rhetorical question)

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - by you (all), of you (all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can also be genitive or dative.

निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - conquered, won

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, won, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'ji' (to conquer) with the prefix 'nis-' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: nis

Root: ji (class 1)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, dominion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

Derived from 'rājan' (king) with 'ṣyañ' suffix.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हरेत (hareta) - would seize, would carry away, would take away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Suyodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Suyodhana (proper name), easy to conquer (adj.)