महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-95, verse-3

निर्वेदं परमं गत्वा विनिन्द्य परवाच्यताम् ।
दीर्घं दध्यौ शांतनवो योद्धुकामोऽर्जुनं रणे ॥३॥

3. nirvedaṁ paramaṁ gatvā vinindya paravācyatām ,
dīrghaṁ dadhyau śāṁtanavo yoddhukāmo'rjunaṁ raṇe.

3. nirvedam paramam gatvā vinindya paravācyatām |
dīrgham dadhyau śāntanavaḥ yoddhukāmaḥ arjunam raṇe

3. śāntanavaḥ (bhīṣmaḥ) paramam nirvedam gatvā,
paravācyatām vinindya,
arjunam raṇe yoddhukāmaḥ (san),
dīrgham dadhyau

3. Bhīṣma (śāntanava), having fallen into great despondency (nirveda) and having condemned the state of being criticized by others (paravācyatā), reflected deeply, desiring to fight Arjuna in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - despondency, detachment, indifference

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, great, utmost

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained

• विनिन्द्य (vinindya) - having condemned, having blamed

• परवाच्यताम् (paravācyatām) - the state of being criticized by others (paravācyatā), referring to Duryodhana's complaints (the state of being blamed by others, dependence on others' words)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - deeply, for a long time

• दध्यौ (dadhyau) - he reflected, he meditated

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma (son of Śāntanu) (son of Śāntanu)

• योद्धुकामः (yoddhukāmaḥ) - desiring to fight

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

Words meanings and morphology

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - despondency, detachment, indifference

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - detachment, indifference, despondency, disgust

Prefix: nir

Root: vid (class 6)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, great, utmost

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, greatest, excellent

Note: Modifies 'nirvedam'.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root gam (to go) with suffix -tvā.

Root: gam (class 1)

विनिन्द्य (vinindya) - having condemned, having blamed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root nind (to blame) with prefix vi and suffix -ya.

Prefix: vi

Root: nind (class 1)

परवाच्यताम् (paravācyatām) - the state of being criticized by others (paravācyatā), referring to Duryodhana's complaints (the state of being blamed by others, dependence on others' words)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paravācyatā

paravācyatā - the state of being blameworthy by others, dependence on another's words

Compound noun formed from 'para', 'vācya', and the abstract noun suffix '-tā'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vācya+tā)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective
• vācya – to be spoken, to be said, blameworthy, censurable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ya.
  Root: vac (class 2)
• tā – suffix forming abstract feminine nouns (e.g., 'ness', 'hood')
  suffix (feminine)

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - deeply, for a long time

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, protracted, deep

Note: Used adverbially to modify 'dadhyau'.

दध्यौ (dadhyau) - he reflected, he meditated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dhyā

Perfect Active

From root dhyā (1st class), perfect third person singular active.

Root: dhyā (class 1)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma (son of Śāntanu) (son of Śāntanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Śāntanu

Patronymic derived from Śāntanu.

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

योद्धुकामः (yoddhukāmaḥ) - desiring to fight

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yoddhukāma

yoddhukāma - desiring to fight

Compound noun indicating a desire for an action.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoddhu+kāma)

• yoddhu – to fight (infinitive stem)
  indeclinable
  Infinitive stem
  Derived from root yudh (to fight) as a desiderative infinitive stem.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• kāma – desire, wish; desiring (as a suffix)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'śāntanavaḥ'.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pandava brothers)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war