महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-95, verse-20

यथा देवासुरे युद्धे त्रिदशा वज्रधारिणम् ।
सर्वे ते स्म व्यतिष्ठन्त रक्षन्तस्तं महारथम् ॥२०॥

20. yathā devāsure yuddhe tridaśā vajradhāriṇam ,
sarve te sma vyatiṣṭhanta rakṣantastaṁ mahāratham.

20. yathā devāsure yuddhe tridaśāḥ vajradhāriṇam
sarve te sma vyatiṣṭhanta rakṣantaḥ tam mahāratham

20. yathā devāsure yuddhe sarve te tridaśāḥ vajradhāriṇam rakṣantaḥ vyatiṣṭhanta sma,
(tathā) tam mahāratham rakṣantaḥ vyatiṣṭhanta sma (ity arthaḥ)

20. Just as all the gods (tridaśa) stood protecting the thunderbolt-wielding Indra in the war between the gods and asuras, so too did all of them (the Kuru warriors) take their positions protecting that great charioteer (Bhishma).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• देवासुरे (devāsure) - in the war between gods and asuras

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• त्रिदशाः (tridaśāḥ) - the gods (literally 'the thirty', referring to the 33 Vedic deities)

• वज्रधारिणम् (vajradhāriṇam) - the wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• ते (te) - Refers to the Kuru warriors. (they, those)

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense, indeed

• व्यतिष्ठन्त (vyatiṣṭhanta) - they stood, they took their positions

• रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting, guarding

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - Refers to Bhishma. (the great charioteer (Bhishma))

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

देवासुरे (devāsure) - in the war between gods and asuras

(compound)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+asura)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)

Note: It's `devāsura` as the noun, here declined in locative.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (n.)

from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: It's a noun here, though it derives from a P.P.P.

त्रिदशाः (tridaśāḥ) - the gods (literally 'the thirty', referring to the 33 Vedic deities)

(compound)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+daśa)

• tri – three
  numeral
• daśa – ten
  numeral

Note: It's a compound meaning 'having thirty' (gods).

वज्रधारिणम् (vajradhāriṇam) - the wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vajra+dhārin)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• dhārin – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun derived from dhṛ
  from root dhṛ (to bear, hold) with suffix -in
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `rakṣantaḥ`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `tridaśāḥ` or `te`.

ते (te) - Refers to the Kuru warriors. (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Kurus in this context (implied from the previous verse).

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense, indeed

(indeclinable)

used with present tense verbs to convey past action

व्यतिष्ठन्त (vyatiṣṭhanta) - they stood, they took their positions

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect Middle

from root sthā with upasargas vi and ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefixes `vi` and `ati`, middle voice imperfect.

रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting, guarding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣant

rakṣant - protecting, guarding

Present Active Participle

from root rakṣ (to protect) with suffix -ant

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjectival, modifying `tridaśāḥ` (and implicitly `te` for the second part of the comparison).

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Agrees with `mahāratham`.

महारथम् (mahāratham) - Refers to Bhishma. (the great charioteer (Bhishma))

(compound)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `rakṣantaḥ`.