महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-95, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
प्रभातायां तु शर्वर्यां प्रातरुत्थाय वै नृपः ।
राज्ञः समाज्ञापयत सेनां योजयतेति ह ।
अद्य भीष्मो रणे क्रुद्धो निहनिष्यति सोमकान् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
prabhātāyāṁ tu śarvaryāṁ prātarutthāya vai nṛpaḥ ,
rājñaḥ samājñāpayata senāṁ yojayateti ha ,
adya bhīṣmo raṇe kruddho nihaniṣyati somakān.

1. sanjaya uvāca | prabhātāyām tu śarvaryām
prātar utthāya vai nṛpaḥ | rājñaḥ
samājñāpayata senām yojayata iti ha | adya
bhīṣmaḥ raṇe kruddhaḥ nihaniṣyati somakān

1. sanjaya uvāca śarvaryām prabhātāyām tu nṛpaḥ
vai prātar utthāya rājñaḥ senām yojayata
iti ha samājñāpayata (saḥ cintitavān) adya
bhīṣmaḥ raṇe kruddhaḥ somakān nihaniṣyati

1. Sañjaya said: When that night dawned, the king (Duryodhana), rising in the morning, indeed gave royal commands: "Array the army!" (He thought,) "Today, Bhīṣma, enraged in battle, will destroy the Somakas."

Words meanings summery:

• सन्जय (sanjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - having dawned, when dawned

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night, at night

• प्रातर् (prātar) - in the morning, early

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Duryodhana (king)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - royal (commands) (of the king, royal)

• समाज्ञापयत (samājñāpayata) - he commanded, he ordered

• सेनाम् (senām) - army

• योजयत (yojayata) - array, cause to be yoked/joined

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

• अद्य (adya) - today

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• निहनिष्यति (nihaniṣyati) - will kill, will strike down

• सोमकान् (somakān) - the Somakas (a tribe allied with the Pandavas) (the Somakas)

Words meanings and morphology

सन्जय (sanjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanjaya

sanjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

From root vac (2nd class), perfect third person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - having dawned, when dawned

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - dawned, lightened, morning

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhā (to shine) with prefix pra and suffix -kta (PPP).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Modifies śarvaryām.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night, at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

प्रातर् (prātar) - in the morning, early

(indeclinable)

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ud and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Duryodhana (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - royal (commands) (of the king, royal)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Implied 'royal commands' or 'commands of the king'.

समाज्ञापयत (samājñāpayata) - he commanded, he ordered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of samājñāpaya

Imperfect Middle, Causative

Root jñā (9th class), with prefixes sam-ā, causative suffix -paya, and imperfect 3rd person singular middle ending.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सेनाम् (senām) - army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host

योजयत (yojayata) - array, cause to be yoked/joined

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of yojaya

Imperative Active

Root yuj (7th class), causative stem yojaya, imperative 2nd person plural active ending.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Used as a command within quoted speech.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry) with suffix -kta (PPP).

Root: krudh (class 4)

निहनिष्यति (nihaniṣyati) - will kill, will strike down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of nihaniṣyati

Future Active

Root han (2nd class), with prefix ni, future tense 3rd person singular active ending.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सोमकान् (somakān) - the Somakas (a tribe allied with the Pandavas) (the Somakas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - a name of a warrior tribe allied with the Pandavas