महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-92, verse-16

ततो दुर्योधनः कृष्णं शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः ।
द्वितीयेन रथेनैनमन्वयातां परंतपम् ॥१६॥

16. tato duryodhanaḥ kṛṣṇaṁ śakuniścāpi saubalaḥ ,
dvitīyena rathenainamanvayātāṁ paraṁtapam.

16. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ kṛṣṇam śakuniḥ ca api saubalaḥ
dvitīyena rathena enam anvayātām parantapam

16. Then Duryodhana, along with Shakuni, the son of Subala, followed Krishna, the tormentor of foes, in a second chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Krishna

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Shakuni, son of Subala (son of Subala)

• द्वितीयेन (dvitīyena) - by the second

• रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot

• एनम् (enam) - Krishna (him, this one)

• अन्वयाताम् (anvayātām) - they followed

• परन्तपम् (parantapam) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - hard to conquer; name of the eldest Kaurava prince

कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Krishna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black; Krishna

Note: Object of the verb 'anvayātām'.

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - a bird; name of the maternal uncle of Duryodhana

Note: Subject of the verb 'anvayātām' (along with Duryodhana).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Shakuni, son of Subala (son of Subala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala

Patronymic 'aṇ' suffix from 'subala'.

Note: Refers to Shakuni.

द्वितीयेन (dvitīyena) - by the second

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second

Note: Agrees with 'rathena'.

रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

एनम् (enam) - Krishna (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Krishna.

अन्वयाताम् (anvayātām) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of anvi

imperfect active (laṅ)

Formed from the prefix 'anu' with the root 'i' (to go).

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

परन्तपम् (parantapam) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound 'para' (enemy) + 'tapa' (causing pain, tormenting).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – causing pain, tormenting; heat, penance (tapas)
  noun (agent noun) (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root √tap (to heat, to torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'enam' (Krishna).