महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-52

किं कार्यमिति ते राजन्विचिन्त्य भयमोहिताः ।
जग्मुः सर्वे महात्मानं मनोभिर्विष्णुमव्ययम् ।
उपविष्टा मन्दराग्रे सर्वे वृत्रवधेप्सवः ॥५२॥

52. kiṁ kāryamiti te rājanvicintya bhayamohitāḥ ,
jagmuḥ sarve mahātmānaṁ manobhirviṣṇumavyayam ,
upaviṣṭā mandarāgre sarve vṛtravadhepsavaḥ.

52. kim kāryam iti te rājan vicintya
bhaya-mohitāḥ jagmuḥ sarve mahā-ātmānam
manobhiḥ viṣṇum avyayam upaviṣṭāḥ
mandarā agre sarve vṛtra-vadha-īpsavaḥ

52. "What is to be done?" —pondering this, O king, and bewildered by fear, all of them mentally sought the great, immutable Viṣṇu. Then, all those desirous of slaying Vṛtra sat down at the front of Mount Mandara.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - to be done, duty, action

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech

• ते (te) - they, those

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having thought, having pondered

• भय-मोहिताः (bhaya-mohitāḥ) - bewildered by fear

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they approached

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• महा-आत्मानम् (mahā-ātmānam) - the supreme cosmic person (Viṣṇu) (the great soul, the great being)

• मनोभिः (manobhiḥ) - by minds, mentally

• विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - immutable, imperishable

• उपविष्टाः (upaviṣṭāḥ) - sat down, seated

• मन्दरा (mandarā) - Mandara mountain

• अग्रे (agre) - in front, at the beginning

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• वृत्र-वध-ईप्सवः (vṛtra-vadha-īpsavaḥ) - desirous of slaying Vṛtra

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

कार्यम् (kāryam) - to be done, duty, action

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, business

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Also functions as a gerundive/participle.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of direct speech or thought.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'all (the gods)' implied by sarve.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressed to Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahābhārata.

विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having thought, having pondered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix vi- + root cint (from cit) + suffix -ya

Prefix: vi

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: An absolutive indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

भय-मोहिताः (bhaya-mohitāḥ) - bewildered by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhaya-mohita

bhaya-mohita - bewildered by fear, struck by terror

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+mohita)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bhī 'to fear'
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• mohita – bewildered, deluded, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muh 'to be bewildered'
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sarve' (all).

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (Lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The perfect tense indicates a completed action.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to the gods mentioned in previous verses (context).

महा-आत्मानम् (mahā-ātmānam) - the supreme cosmic person (Viṣṇu) (the great soul, the great being)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahā-ātman

mahā-ātman - great-souled, noble, the Supreme Being

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  From mahat 'great'
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, the Supreme Spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Viṣṇu.

मनोभिः (manobhiḥ) - by minds, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Note: Indicates the means of approaching.

विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (a major Hindu deity)

Note: Object of 'jagmuḥ'.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - immutable, imperishable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, inexhaustible

From a- (negative) + vyaya (expenditure, decay)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyaya – expenditure, decay, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + root i 'to go'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Viṣṇu.

उपविष्टाः (upaviṣṭāḥ) - sat down, seated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, sat down

Past Passive Participle

Prefix upa- + root viś 'to enter' (with irregular formation)

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'sarve'.

मन्दरा (mandarā) - Mandara mountain

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mandara

mandara - Mandara (a mythical mountain)

Note: Often used in compounds like 'mandarāgre' meaning 'at the front of Mandara'.

अग्रे (agre) - in front, at the beginning

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially. Often found in compounds like 'mandarāgre'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies the 'īpsavaḥ' (desirous ones).

वृत्र-वध-ईप्सवः (vṛtra-vadha-īpsavaḥ) - desirous of slaying Vṛtra

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛtra-vadha-īpsu

vṛtra-vadha-īpsu - desirous of Vṛtra's death/slaying

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛtra+vadha+īpsu)

• vṛtra – Vṛtra (name of an Asura)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – slaying, killing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)
• īpsu – desirous of, wishing to obtain
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative Stem
  From root āp 'to obtain' (desiderative 'īpsa') + u suffix
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'sarve'.