महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-49

जहृषुश्च सुराः सर्वे दृष्ट्वा शक्रं विनिःसृतम् ।
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं वृत्रवासवयोः पुनः ।
संरब्धयोस्तदा घोरं सुचिरं भरतर्षभ ॥४९॥

49. jahṛṣuśca surāḥ sarve dṛṣṭvā śakraṁ viniḥsṛtam ,
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ vṛtravāsavayoḥ punaḥ ,
saṁrabdhayostadā ghoraṁ suciraṁ bharatarṣabha.

49. jahṛṣuḥ ca surāḥ sarve dṛṣṭvā śakraṃ
viniḥsṛtam tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ
vṛtravāsavayoḥ punaḥ saṃrabdhayoḥ
tadā ghoraṃ suciraṃ bharatarṣabha

49. And all the gods rejoiced upon seeing Indra emerge. Then, O best of Bharatas, the terrible battle between Vṛtra and Vāsava (Indra), both enraged, recommenced and lasted for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• जहृषुः (jahṛṣuḥ) - they rejoiced

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुराः (surāḥ) - gods, deities

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the gods) (all, every)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• शक्रं (śakraṁ) - Indra, powerful one

• विनिःसृतम् (viniḥsṛtam) - (Indra) who had emerged (emerged, come out)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it commenced, it began

• युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight

• वृत्रवासवयोः (vṛtravāsavayoḥ) - between Vṛtra and Vāsava (Indra) (of Vṛtra and Vāsava)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

• संरब्धयोः (saṁrabdhayoḥ) - (of Vṛtra and Indra) who were enraged (of the enraged two, of the furious two)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• घोरं (ghoraṁ) - (battle was) terrible (terrible, fierce, dreadful)

• सुचिरं (suciraṁ) - for a long time

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas

Words meanings and morphology

जहृषुः (jahṛṣuḥ) - they rejoiced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of hṛṣ

Perfect Active

The reduplicated perfect form of hṛṣ.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

सुराः (surāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Subject of 'jahṛṣuḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the gods) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective.

Note: Agrees with 'surāḥ'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शक्रं (śakraṁ) - Indra, powerful one

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, mighty

Root: śak

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

विनिःसृतम् (viniḥsṛtam) - (Indra) who had emerged (emerged, come out)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viniḥsṛta

viniḥsṛta - emerged, come out, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sṛ with prefixes vi and nis.

Prefixes: vi+nis

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śakraṃ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal base tad with the suffix -tas.

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it commenced, it began

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of vṛt

Perfect Middle

Reduplicated perfect form of vṛt with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'yuddhaṃ'.

युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root yudh.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'pravavṛte'.

वृत्रवासवयोः (vṛtravāsavayoḥ) - between Vṛtra and Vāsava (Indra) (of Vṛtra and Vāsava)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of vṛtravāsava

vṛtravāsava - Vṛtra and Vāsava (Indra)

Dvandva compound of Vṛtra and Vāsava.

Compound type : dvandva (vṛtra+vāsava)

• vṛtra – Vṛtra (name of an Asura)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ
• vāsava – Indra (son of Vasu), belonging to the Vasus
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Vasu.

Note: Genitive indicating relationship for the battle.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

संरब्धयोः (saṁrabdhayoḥ) - (of Vṛtra and Indra) who were enraged (of the enraged two, of the furious two)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, furious, agitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rabh with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛtravāsavayoḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

घोरं (ghoraṁ) - (battle was) terrible (terrible, fierce, dreadful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce

Note: Adjective for 'yuddhaṃ'.

सुचिरं (suciraṁ) - for a long time

(indeclinable)

Compound of su (very) and cira (long). Used here adverbially.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+cira)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'good' or 'very'.
• cira – long (time), lasting, late
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Accusative of duration, functioning adverbially.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Tatpuruṣa compound, epithet often used for Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Yudhiṣṭhira.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, a sage
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener.