महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-51

निवृत्ते तु तदा देवा विषादमगमन्परम् ।
समेत्य शक्रेण च ते त्वष्टुस्तेजोविमोहिताः ।
अमन्त्रयन्त ते सर्वे मुनिभिः सह भारत ॥५१॥

51. nivṛtte tu tadā devā viṣādamagamanparam ,
sametya śakreṇa ca te tvaṣṭustejovimohitāḥ ,
amantrayanta te sarve munibhiḥ saha bhārata.

51. nivṛtte tu tadā devāḥ viṣādam
agaman param sametya śakreṇa ca te
tvaṣṭuḥ tejovimohitāḥ amantrayanta
te sarve munibhiḥ saha bhārata

51. But then, when Indra retreated, the gods fell into great despair. Bewildered by Tvaṣṭā's potent energy, they, along with Indra, all assembled and deliberated with the sages, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - when Indra had retreated (when retreated, upon the retreat)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

• विषादम् (viṣādam) - dejection, despair, sadness

• अगमन् (agaman) - they fell into (despair) (they went, they reached)

• परम् (param) - great (despair) (great, supreme, highest)

• समेत्य (sametya) - having met, having assembled, having gone together

• शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - with Indra (by Indra, with Indra)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - they

• त्वष्टुः (tvaṣṭuḥ) - of Tvaṣṭā

• तेजोविमोहिताः (tejovimohitāḥ) - bewildered by Tvaṣṭā's potent energy (bewildered by energy, confounded by glory)

• अमन्त्रयन्त (amantrayanta) - they consulted, they deliberated

• ते (te) - they

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by the sages, with the sages

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

Words meanings and morphology

निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - when Indra had retreated (when retreated, upon the retreat)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - retreated, ceased, returned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Refers to Indra, understood from context.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Root: div

Note: Subject of 'agaman' and 'amantrayanta'.

विषादम् (viṣādam) - dejection, despair, sadness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - dejection, despair, sadness, despondency

Derived from root ṣad with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: ṣad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'agaman'.

अगमन् (agaman) - they fell into (despair) (they went, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect Active

Augment 'a' + root gam + ending.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'devāḥ'.

परम् (param) - great (despair) (great, supreme, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, great

Note: Agrees with 'viṣādam'.

समेत्य (sametya) - having met, having assembled, having gone together

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root i with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - with Indra (by Indra, with Indra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, mighty

Root: śak

Note: Indicates accompaniment with 'ca'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the gods, serving as a co-subject with 'devāḥ' for 'amantrayanta'.

त्वष्टुः (tvaṣṭuḥ) - of Tvaṣṭā

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tvaṣṭṛ

tvaṣṭṛ - Tvaṣṭā (divine artisan), carpenter, maker

Agent noun from root tvaṣ.

Root: tvaṣ

Note: Possessive for 'tejovimohitāḥ'.

तेजोविमोहिताः (tejovimohitāḥ) - bewildered by Tvaṣṭā's potent energy (bewildered by energy, confounded by glory)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tejovimohita

tejovimohita - bewildered by splendor/energy

Tatpuruṣa compound: tejas + vimohita.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tejas+vimohita)

• tejas – energy, splendor, glory, power
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij
• vimohita – bewildered, deluded, confounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muh with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'devāḥ' and 'te'.

अमन्त्रयन्त (amantrayanta) - they consulted, they deliberated

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of mantr

Imperfect Middle

Root mantr (denom. from mantra) with augment 'a'.

Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: Subject is 'devāḥ' and 'te sarve'.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the gods, serving as a co-subject with 'devāḥ' for 'amantrayanta'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective.

Note: Agrees with 'devāḥ'/'te'.

मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by the sages, with the sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Root: man

Note: Indicates accompaniment with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Preposition, governs instrumental case.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata

From Bharata with a secondary suffix.

Root: bhṛ