महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-15

शल्य उवाच ।
इन्द्रेण तास्त्वनुज्ञाता जग्मुस्त्रिशिरसोऽन्तिकम् ।
तत्र ता विविधैर्भावैर्लोभयन्त्यो वराङ्गनाः ।
नृत्यं संदर्शयन्त्यश्च तथैवाङ्गेषु सौष्ठवम् ॥१५॥

15. śalya uvāca ,
indreṇa tāstvanujñātā jagmustriśiraso'ntikam ,
tatra tā vividhairbhāvairlobhayantyo varāṅganāḥ ,
nṛtyaṁ saṁdarśayantyaśca tathaivāṅgeṣu sauṣṭhavam.

15. śalyaḥ uvāca indreṇa tāḥ tu anujñātāḥ jagmuḥ
triśirasaḥ antikam tatra tāḥ vividhaiḥ
bhāvaiḥ lobhayantyaḥ varāṅganāḥ nṛtyaṃ
saṃdarśayantyaḥ ca tathā eva aṅgeṣu sauṣṭhavam

15. Śalya said: "Then, having been permitted by Indra, those beautiful women went near Triśiras. There, they tempted him with various expressions and displayed their dance, and also the elegance of their bodily forms."

Words meanings summery:

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (women)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• अनुज्ञाताः (anujñātāḥ) - permitted, allowed, commanded

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

• त्रिशिरसः (triśirasaḥ) - of Triśiras

• अन्तिकम् (antikam) - near, proximity

• तत्र (tatra) - there, at that place

• ताः (tāḥ) - they, those (women)

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with various, with diverse

• भावैः (bhāvaiḥ) - with expressions, with sentiments, with emotions

• लोभयन्त्यः (lobhayantyaḥ) - tempting, enticing, seducing

• वराङ्गनाः (varāṅganāḥ) - beautiful ladies, excellent women

• नृत्यं (nṛtyaṁ) - dance

• संदर्शयन्त्यः (saṁdarśayantyaḥ) - displaying, showing

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - and also, in the same way

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• अङ्गेषु (aṅgeṣu) - in the limbs, in the bodily forms

• सौष्ठवम् (sauṣṭhavam) - elegance, grace, beauty, perfection

Words meanings and morphology

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king/character), dart, arrow

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular of root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (name of the king of gods), chief, lord

ताः (tāḥ) - those (women)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the Apsaras.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Often serves as an emphatic particle.

अनुज्ञाताः (anujñātāḥ) - permitted, allowed, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, commanded, known

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root 'jñā' (to know) with upasarga 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'tāḥ' (Apsaras).

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect active

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person plural of root 'gam'

Root: gam (class 1)

त्रिशिरसः (triśirasaḥ) - of Triśiras

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of triśiras

triśiras - Triśiras (proper name, meaning 'three-headed'), having three heads

Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'śiras' (head)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+śiras)

• tri – three
  numeral
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

अन्तिकम् (antikam) - near, proximity

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative of place to which, or adverb.

तत्र (tatra) - there, at that place

(indeclinable)

ताः (tāḥ) - they, those (women)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the Apsaras.

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with various, with diverse

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

From 'vi' (apart) + 'vidha' (sort, kind)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāvaiḥ'.

भावैः (bhāvaiḥ) - with expressions, with sentiments, with emotions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - feeling, emotion, state of being, expression

From root 'bhū' (to be, to exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to expressive gestures/emotions in tempting.

लोभयन्त्यः (lobhayantyaḥ) - tempting, enticing, seducing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of lobhayant

lobhayant - tempting, enticing, seducing

present active participle

Present active participle of causative root 'lubh' (to covet) in causative stem 'lobhaya'

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'varāṅganāḥ'.

वराङ्गनाः (varāṅganāḥ) - beautiful ladies, excellent women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of varāṅganā

varāṅganā - beautiful woman, excellent woman

Compound of 'vara' (excellent, best) and 'aṅganā' (woman)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+aṅganā)

• vara – excellent, best, chosen, boon
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)
• aṅganā – woman, lady
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the Apsaras.

नृत्यं (nṛtyaṁ) - dance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nṛtya

nṛtya - dance, dancing

From root 'nṛt' (to dance)

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Object of 'saṃdarśayantyaḥ'.

संदर्शयन्त्यः (saṁdarśayantyaḥ) - displaying, showing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of saṃdarśayant

saṁdarśayant - displaying, showing, exhibiting

present active participle

Present active participle of causative root 'dṛś' (to see) with upasarga 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'varāṅganāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'lobhayantyaḥ' and 'saṃdarśayantyaḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - and also, in the same way

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis to 'tathā'.

अङ्गेषु (aṅgeṣu) - in the limbs, in the bodily forms

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of aṅga

aṅga - limb, body, component, part

सौष्ठवम् (sauṣṭhavam) - elegance, grace, beauty, perfection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sauṣṭhava

sauṣṭhava - elegance, grace, beauty, perfection, excellence

From 'suṣṭhu' (well, excellent) + suffix 'aṇ'

Note: Object of 'saṃdarśayantyaḥ'.