महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-9, verse-45

ततो युद्धं समभवद्वृत्रवासवयोस्तदा ।
संक्रुद्धयोर्महाघोरं प्रसक्तं कुरुसत्तम ॥४५॥

45. tato yuddhaṁ samabhavadvṛtravāsavayostadā ,
saṁkruddhayormahāghoraṁ prasaktaṁ kurusattama.

45. tataḥ yuddham samabhavat vṛtravāsavayoḥ tadā
saṃkruddhayoḥ mahāghoram prasaktam kurusattama

45. O best of Kurus, then an exceedingly dreadful and fierce battle (yuddha) ensued at that time between the two enraged adversaries, Vṛtra and Indra (Vāsava).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• समभवत् (samabhavat) - occurred, happened, arose

• वृत्रवासवयोः (vṛtravāsavayoḥ) - of Vṛtra and Vāsava (Indra)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• संक्रुद्धयोः (saṁkruddhayoḥ) - of the two enraged ones

• महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

• प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - intense, continuous, attached

• कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - O best of Kurus

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

समभवत् (samabhavat) - occurred, happened, arose

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-bhū

Imperfect

Root verb with upasarga 'sam-', Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

वृत्रवासवयोः (vṛtravāsavayoḥ) - of Vṛtra and Vāsava (Indra)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of vṛtravāsava

vṛtravāsava - Vṛtra and Vāsava

Compound type : dvandva (vṛtra+vāsava)

• vṛtra – Vṛtra (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vāsava – Indra (as son of Vasu)
  proper noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धयोः (saṁkruddhayoḥ) - of the two enraged ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - very angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From root 'krudh' (to be angry) with upasarga 'sam-'

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāghora

mahāghora - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ghora – terrible, dreadful, awful
  adjective (neuter)

प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - intense, continuous, attached

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prasakta

prasakta - attached, devoted, continuous, intense

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sañj' (to cling, to attach) with upasarga 'pra-'

Prefix: pra

Root: sañj (class 1)

कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - O best of Kurus

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurusattama

kurusattama - best of Kurus, most excellent among Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants, a dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good, excellent)