महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-9

तमुन्मथ्य सुशर्मा तु रुदतीं वधुकामिव ।
स्यन्दनं स्वं समारोप्य प्रययौ शीघ्रवाहनः ॥९॥

9. tamunmathya suśarmā tu rudatīṁ vadhukāmiva ,
syandanaṁ svaṁ samāropya prayayau śīghravāhanaḥ.

9. tam unmathya suśarmā tu rudatīm vadhukām iva
syandanam svam samāropya prayayau śīghravāhanaḥ

9. But Suśarman, having completely overpowered him (King Matsya) and treating him like a weeping bride, placed him onto his own chariot and then swiftly departed.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - King Matsya (him, that)

• उन्मथ्य (unmathya) - having crushed, having overpowered, having brought down

• सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarman (name of a king)

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - weeping, crying

• वधुकाम् (vadhukām) - bride, young woman

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot, vehicle

• स्वम् (svam) - Suśarman's own (chariot) (his own, one's own)

• समारोप्य (samāropya) - having placed King Matsya onto his own chariot (having placed, having seated, having mounted (onto))

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - Suśarman departed (he went forth, he departed, he advanced)

• शीघ्रवाहनः (śīghravāhanaḥ) - Suśarman, who had swift vehicles (having swift vehicles, with swift horses, swiftly-moving)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - King Matsya (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `unmathya` and `samāropya`.

उन्मथ्य (unmathya) - having crushed, having overpowered, having brought down

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root math (to churn, injure) with prefix ut. 'ut' changes to 'un' before 'm'.

Prefix: ud

Root: math (class 1)

Note: 'ud' prefix (to 'up, out') assimilates to 'un' before 'm'.

सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarman (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suśarman

suśarman - Suśarman (name of a king, specifically the King of Trigarta)

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - weeping, crying

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying (present participle)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep) + śatṛ suffix, feminine stem rudatī.

Root: rud (class 2)

वधुकाम् (vadhukām) - bride, young woman

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vadhukā

vadhukā - bride, young wife, young woman

Diminutive/affectionate of vadhū.

Note: Compared to King Matsya's state.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

स्यन्दनम् (syandanam) - chariot, vehicle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, car, flowing, vehicle

Derived from root syand (to flow, to run).

Root: syand (class 1)

स्वम् (svam) - Suśarman's own (chariot) (his own, one's own)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property

समारोप्य (samāropya) - having placed King Matsya onto his own chariot (having placed, having seated, having mounted (onto))

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root ruh (to ascend) with prefixes sam and ā. Causal stem rop.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Causal form.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - Suśarman departed (he went forth, he departed, he advanced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prayā

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Derived from root yā (to go) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

शीघ्रवाहनः (śīghravāhanaḥ) - Suśarman, who had swift vehicles (having swift vehicles, with swift horses, swiftly-moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīghravāhana

śīghravāhana - having swift vehicles/horses, swift-moving

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīghra+vāhana)

• śīghra – swift, quick, speedy
  adjective
• vāhana – vehicle, conveyance, horse
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Describes Suśarman.