महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-5

ततो रथाभ्यां प्रस्कन्द्य भ्रातरौ क्षत्रियर्षभौ ।
गदापाणी सुसंरब्धौ समभ्यद्रवतां हयान् ॥५॥

5. tato rathābhyāṁ praskandya bhrātarau kṣatriyarṣabhau ,
gadāpāṇī susaṁrabdhau samabhyadravatāṁ hayān.

5. tataḥ rathābhyām praskandya bhrātarau kṣatriyarṣabhau
gadāpāṇī susaṃrabdhau samabhyadravatām hayān

5. Then the two brothers, those excellent Kṣatriyas, highly enraged and holding maces in their hands, jumped from their two chariots and charged towards the horses.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) - from the two chariots, by means of the two chariots

• प्रस्कन्द्य (praskandya) - having leapt down, having jumped forth, having attacked

• भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - the two brothers

• क्षत्रियर्षभौ (kṣatriyarṣabhau) - the two excellent Kṣatriyas, the two bull-like Kṣatriyas

• गदापाणी (gadāpāṇī) - holding maces in their hands, mace-handed

• सुसंरब्धौ (susaṁrabdhau) - very furious, greatly enraged, highly agitated

• समभ्यद्रवताम् (samabhyadravatām) - rushed towards, charged at

• हयान् (hayān) - the horses

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'tad' used as an indeclinable adverb.

रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) - from the two chariots, by means of the two chariots

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, dual of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Note: Can also be instrumental dual.

प्रस्कन्द्य (praskandya) - having leapt down, having jumped forth, having attacked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'skand' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: skand (class 1)

भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - the two brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

क्षत्रियर्षभौ (kṣatriyarṣabhau) - the two excellent Kṣatriyas, the two bull-like Kṣatriyas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṣatriyarṣabha

kṣatriyarṣabha - chief of Kṣatriyas, excellent Kṣatriya, bull among Kṣatriyas

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatriya+ṛṣabha)

• kṣatriya – warrior, member of the Kṣatriya class, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

गदापाणी (gadāpāṇī) - holding maces in their hands, mace-handed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gadāpāṇi

gadāpāṇi - mace-handed, holding a mace in hand

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gadā+pāṇi)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

सुसंरब्धौ (susaṁrabdhau) - very furious, greatly enraged, highly agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of susaṃrabdha

susaṁrabdha - very furious, greatly enraged, highly agitated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'rabh' with prefixes 'sam' and 'su' (intensive).

Prefixes: su+sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

समभ्यद्रवताम् (samabhyadravatām) - rushed towards, charged at

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-abhi-dru

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

हयान् (hayān) - the horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse