महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-23

तान्निवृत्तरथान्दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवान्सा महाचमूः ।
वैराटी परमक्रुद्धा युयुधे परमाद्भुतम् ॥२३॥

23. tānnivṛttarathāndṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavānsā mahācamūḥ ,
vairāṭī paramakruddhā yuyudhe paramādbhutam.

23. tān nivṛttarathān dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavān sā mahācamūḥ
vairāṭī paramakruddhā yuyudhe paramādbhutam

23. Seeing those Pandavas whose chariots had retreated, that great army (mahācamūḥ) of Virata, exceedingly enraged, fought with astonishing prowess.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• निवृत्तरथान् (nivṛttarathān) - whose chariots had turned back, retreated

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• सा (sā) - that, she

• महाचमूः (mahācamūḥ) - great army

• वैराटी (vairāṭī) - referring to the army of King Virata (belonging to Virata, of Virata)

• परमक्रुद्धा (paramakruddhā) - exceedingly enraged, very angry

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought

• परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - exceedingly wonderfully, amazingly

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

निवृत्तरथान् (nivṛttarathān) - whose chariots had turned back, retreated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nivṛttaratha

nivṛttaratha - whose chariots had turned back, retreated, with chariots turned back

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nivṛtta+ratha)

• nivṛtta – turned back, retreated, ceased
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ni-√vṛt (to turn back, to return)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pandavas

सा (sā) - that, she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

महाचमूः (mahācamūḥ) - great army

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahācamū

mahācamū - great army

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahat+camū)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• camū – army, host, division of an army
  noun (feminine)

वैराटी (vairāṭī) - referring to the army of King Virata (belonging to Virata, of Virata)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vairāṭī

vairāṭī - belonging to or related to Virata (king of the Matsyas)

feminine form of 'vairāṭa'

परमक्रुद्धा (paramakruddhā) - exceedingly enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paramakruddha

paramakruddha - exceedingly enraged, very angry

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+kruddha)

• parama – supreme, ultimate, highest, excellent
  adjective (feminine)
• kruddha – enraged, angry, furious
  participle (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √krudh (to be angry)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - exceedingly wonderfully, amazingly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+adbhuta)

• parama – supreme, ultimate, highest, excellent
  adjective (neuter)
• adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, amazing
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular.