महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-33

तस्मिन्गृहीते विरथे त्रिगर्तानां महारथे ।
अभज्यत बलं सर्वं त्रैगर्तं तद्भयातुरम् ॥३३॥

33. tasmingṛhīte virathe trigartānāṁ mahārathe ,
abhajyata balaṁ sarvaṁ traigartaṁ tadbhayāturam.

33. tasmin gṛhīte virathe trigartānām mahā-rathe
abhajyata balam sarvam traigartam tat-bhaya-āturam

33. When that great charioteer of the Trigartas was seized and made chariotless, the entire Trigarta army, terrified by that (fear), scattered.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - referring to the Trigarta king in a locative absolute construction (in him, concerning him, when he)

• गृहीते (gṛhīte) - when he was seized, having been seized

• विरथे (virathe) - chariotless, having lost his chariot

• त्रिगर्तानाम् (trigartānām) - of the Trigartas

• महा-रथे (mahā-rathe) - referring to the Trigarta king (Suśarman) (in the great charioteer, when the great charioteer)

• अभज्यत (abhajyata) - it was broken, it scattered

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• त्रैगर्तम् (traigartam) - the Trigarta army, agreeing with 'balam' (the Trigarta (army/force), relating to Trigarta)

• तत्-भय-आतुरम् (tat-bhaya-āturam) - distressed by that fear, terrified by that

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - referring to the Trigarta king in a locative absolute construction (in him, concerning him, when he)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with `gṛhīte` and `virathe`.

गृहीते (gṛhīte) - when he was seized, having been seized

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gṛhīta

gṛhīta - seized, caught, taken

Past Passive Participle

From root grah with suffix -ta

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

विरथे (virathe) - chariotless, having lost his chariot

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariotless, deprived of a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, deprived of (as prefix)
  upasarga
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction, describing the king's state.

त्रिगर्तानाम् (trigartānām) - of the Trigartas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of trigarta

trigarta - Trigarta (name of a country or its people)

Note: Modifies 'mahā-rathe'.

महा-रथे (mahā-rathe) - referring to the Trigarta king (Suśarman) (in the great charioteer, when the great charioteer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, great warrior (riding a chariot)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, charioteer (often implied when referring to a warrior)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

अभज्यत (abhajyata) - it was broken, it scattered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhrañj

Imperfect Passive

3rd person singular, imperfect, passive voice (ātmanepada), from root bhrañj

Root: bhrañj (class 7)

Note: The subject is 'balam' (neuter singular).

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Note: Subject of 'abhajyata'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

त्रैगर्तम् (traigartam) - the Trigarta army, agreeing with 'balam' (the Trigarta (army/force), relating to Trigarta)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of traigarta

traigarta - belonging to the Trigarta country/people

Derived from Trigarta (name of a country/people) with aṇ suffix.

तत्-भय-आतुरम् (tat-bhaya-āturam) - distressed by that fear, terrified by that

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tadbhayātura

tadbhayātura - distressed by that fear, terrified by that

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+bhaya+ātura)

• tad – that, thereby
  pronoun (neuter)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ātura – afflicted, distressed, sick
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.