महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-40

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथाभिवादिनं मत्स्यं कौरवेयाः पृथक्पृथक् ।
ऊचुः प्राञ्जलयः सर्वे युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः ॥४०॥

40. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathābhivādinaṁ matsyaṁ kauraveyāḥ pṛthakpṛthak ,
ūcuḥ prāñjalayaḥ sarve yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ.

40. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tathā abhivādinaṃ matsyaṃ kauraveyāḥ
pṛthak pṛthak ūcuḥ prāñjalayaḥ sarve yudhiṣṭhirapuroramāḥ

40. Vaiśampāyana said: The Kuru princes, with Yudhiṣṭhira as their leader, all individually and with folded hands, spoke to Matsya (King Virāṭa) who was greeting them thus.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• अभिवादिनं (abhivādinaṁ) - saluting, greeting, bowing

• मत्स्यं (matsyaṁ) - King Virāṭa of the Matsya kingdom (Matsya (King Virāṭa))

• कौरवेयाः (kauraveyāḥ) - The Pandavas, sons of Pāṇḍu, belonging to the Kuru lineage. (the Kuru princes, descendants of Kuru)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

• प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - with folded hands, reverently

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• युधिष्ठिरपुरोरमाः (yudhiṣṭhirapuroramāḥ) - with Yudhiṣṭhira as their leader/foremost

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root verb, class 2 (Adādi), strong form, irregular perfect stem.

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

अभिवादिनं (abhivādinaṁ) - saluting, greeting, bowing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhivādin

abhivādin - saluting, greeting, bowing; one who announces

Present Active Participle

Formed from the root vad with prefix abhi, suffix -in.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Modifies Matsyaṃ.

मत्स्यं (matsyaṁ) - King Virāṭa of the Matsya kingdom (Matsya (King Virāṭa))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish; a king of the Matsyas, Virāṭa

Note: Object of the verb ūcuḥ ('spoke to').

कौरवेयाः (kauraveyāḥ) - The Pandavas, sons of Pāṇḍu, belonging to the Kuru lineage. (the Kuru princes, descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kauraveya

kauraveya - descendant of Kuru, a Kuru prince

Derived from Kuru with suffix -eya (patronymic).

Note: Subject of the verb ūcuḥ.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition 'pṛthak pṛthak' emphasizes that they spoke individually.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition 'pṛthak pṛthak' emphasizes that they spoke individually.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root verb, class 2 (Adādi), strong form, irregular perfect stem.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - with folded hands, reverently

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands (in salutation)

Compound: pra + añjali (añjalir asya asti iti).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, onward, forth
  indeclinable
• añjali – the hollow of the hands, folded hands (in salutation)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with kauraveyāḥ.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with kauraveyāḥ.

युधिष्ठिरपुरोरमाः (yudhiṣṭhirapuroramāḥ) - with Yudhiṣṭhira as their leader/foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhirapurorama

yudhiṣṭhirapurorama - having Yudhiṣṭhira as the leader; led by Yudhiṣṭhira

Bahuvrīhi compound: Yudhiṣṭhiraḥ puroramaḥ eṣāṃ te (they whose forerunner is Yudhiṣṭhira).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhiṣṭhira+purorama)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name), steady in battle
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound 'yudhi sthira' (firm in battle).
• purorama – going before, leader, forerunner
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: puras (before) + rama (rejoicing or going).

Note: Agrees with kauraveyāḥ.