महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-163, verse-33

तेषु सर्वेषु शान्तेषु ब्रह्मास्त्रमहमादिशम् ।
ततः प्रज्वलितैर्बाणैः सर्वतः सोपचीयत ।
उपचीयमानश्च मया महास्त्रेण व्यवर्धत ॥३३॥

33. teṣu sarveṣu śānteṣu brahmāstramahamādiśam ,
tataḥ prajvalitairbāṇaiḥ sarvataḥ sopacīyata ,
upacīyamānaśca mayā mahāstreṇa vyavardhata.

33. teṣu sarveṣu śānteṣu brahmāstram
aham ādiśam tataḥ prajvalitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ
sarvataḥ saḥ upacīyata upacīyamānaḥ
ca mayā mahāstreṇa vyavardhata

33. When all those other weapons were nullified, I deployed the *brahmāstra* (brahman weapon). Then, he (the opponent) was completely engulfed by blazing arrows. Even as he was thus enveloped by my great weapon, he (the opponent) continued to grow (in power/size).

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those (weapons) (in those, among those)

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all (weapons) (in all, among all)

• शान्तेषु (śānteṣu) - when pacified, when subsided, when neutralized

• ब्रह्मास्त्रम् (brahmāstram) - the *brahman* weapon

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आदिशम् (ādiśam) - I deployed, I commanded, I directed

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards

• प्रज्वलितैः (prajvalitaiḥ) - by blazing, by inflamed

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, completely

• सः (saḥ) - he (the opponent) (he)

• उपचीयत (upacīyata) - he was covered, he was accumulated

• उपचीयमानः (upacīyamānaḥ) - being covered, being accumulated

• च (ca) - and

• मया (mayā) - by me

• महास्त्रेण (mahāstreṇa) - by the great weapon (brahmāstra) (by a great weapon)

• व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - he grew, he increased

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - in those (weapons) (in those, among those)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned weapons.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all (weapons) (in all, among all)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'teṣu śānteṣu'.

शान्तेषु (śānteṣu) - when pacified, when subsided, when neutralized

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of śānta

śānta - pacified, tranquil, quiet, ceased, neutralized

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root śam (to be calm) with suffix -ta.

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Locative absolute construction, meaning 'when they had become peaceful/pacified'.

ब्रह्मास्त्रम् (brahmāstram) - the *brahman* weapon

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmāstra

brahmāstra - weapon of Brahman, a divine and powerful missile (brahman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+astra)

• brahman – the Absolute, the ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'ādiśam'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'ādiśam'.

आदिशम् (ādiśam) - I deployed, I commanded, I directed

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ā-diś

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: The 'a' prefix denotes the imperfect tense.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards

(indeclinable)

प्रज्वलितैः (prajvalitaiḥ) - by blazing, by inflamed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prajvalita

prajvalita - blazing, inflamed, kindled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root jval (to blaze) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'upacīyata'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, completely

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (the opponent) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'upacīyata' and 'vyavardhata'.

उपचीयत (upacīyata) - he was covered, he was accumulated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-ci

Prefix: upa

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: The 'a' prefix denotes the imperfect tense.

उपचीयमानः (upacīyamānaḥ) - being covered, being accumulated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upacīyamāna

upacīyamāna - being collected, being accumulated, being covered

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root ci with prefix upa-, in the passive voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (the opponent).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'upacīyamānaḥ'.

महास्त्रेण (mahāstreṇa) - by the great weapon (brahmāstra) (by a great weapon)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahāstra

mahāstra - great weapon, powerful missile

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+astra)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the brahmāstra.

व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - he grew, he increased

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vi-vṛdh

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: The 'a' prefix denotes the imperfect tense.