महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-163, verse-28

अणुर्बृहच्छिरा भूत्वा बृहच्चाणुशिराः पुनः ।
एकीभूतस्तदा राजन्सोऽभ्यवर्तत मां युधि ॥२८॥

28. aṇurbṛhacchirā bhūtvā bṛhaccāṇuśirāḥ punaḥ ,
ekībhūtastadā rājanso'bhyavartata māṁ yudhi.

28. aṇuḥ bṛhatśirāḥ bhūtvā bṛhat ca aṇuśirāḥ punaḥ
ekībhūtaḥ tadā rājan saḥ abhyavartata mām yudhi

28. O King, having become (first) small with a large head and then (again) large with a small head, and having thus become unified, he then attacked me in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• अणुः (aṇuḥ) - small (in body) (minute, small, subtle)

• बृहत्शिराः (bṛhatśirāḥ) - large-headed (large-headed, having a big head)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, having been)

• बृहत् (bṛhat) - large (in body) (large, great)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अणुशिराः (aṇuśirāḥ) - small-headed (small-headed, having a small head)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

• एकीभूतः (ekībhūtaḥ) - having become unified (after changing forms) (having become one, united, collected)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing the listener, likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the opponent) (he, that (one))

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - he attacked (he turned towards, he attacked, he advanced)

• माम् (mām) - me (the speaker) (me)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

Words meanings and morphology

अणुः (aṇuḥ) - small (in body) (minute, small, subtle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṇu

aṇu - atom, minute, small, subtle

Note: Qualifies the subject (he).

बृहत्शिराः (bṛhatśirāḥ) - large-headed (large-headed, having a big head)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhatśiras

bṛhatśiras - large-headed, having a big head

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bṛhat+śiras)

• bṛhat – large, great, mighty
  adjective
  From root bṛh (to grow, be large).
  Root: bṛh
• śiras – head, top
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the subject (he).

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, having been)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root bhū + -tvā suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

बृहत् (bṛhat) - large (in body) (large, great)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhat

bṛhat - large, great, mighty

Root: bṛh

Note: Qualifies the subject (he).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two descriptions of the opponent's form.

अणुशिराः (aṇuśirāḥ) - small-headed (small-headed, having a small head)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṇuśiras

aṇuśiras - small-headed, having a small head

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aṇu+śiras)

• aṇu – atom, minute, small, subtle
  adjective (masculine)
• śiras – head, top
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the subject (he).

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates repetition of the form change.

एकीभूतः (ekībhūtaḥ) - having become unified (after changing forms) (having become one, united, collected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekībhūta

ekībhūta - united, collected, having become one

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verb 'ekī-bhū' (to become one).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'tat' + '-dā' suffix.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing the listener, likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Addressed to the listener.

सः (saḥ) - he (the opponent) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'abhyavartata'.

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - he attacked (he turned towards, he attacked, he advanced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavart

Third person singular imperfect middle of abhi-ava-vṛt.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me (the speaker) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

Note: Object of 'abhyavartata'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh

Note: Location of the action.