महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-163, verse-2

अभिवादयमानं तु मूर्ध्न्युपाघ्राय पाण्डवम् ।
हर्षगद्गदया वाचा प्रहृष्टोऽर्जुनमब्रवीत् ॥२॥

2. abhivādayamānaṁ tu mūrdhnyupāghrāya pāṇḍavam ,
harṣagadgadayā vācā prahṛṣṭo'rjunamabravīt.

2. abhivādayamānam tu mūrdhni upāghrāya pāṇḍavam
harṣagadgadayā vācā prahr̥ṣṭaḥ arjunam abravīt

2. And indeed, exceedingly delighted, he smelled the son of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna) on the head as Arjuna was offering salutations, and spoke to him with a voice choked with joy.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिवादयमानम् (abhivādayamānam) - offering salutations, bowing down

• तु (tu) - indeed, for emphasis (but, indeed, moreover)

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

• उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having kissed (a traditional gesture of affection, especially towards a child or younger person, by smelling the head) (having smelled)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to Arjuna (the son of Pāṇḍu) (to the son of Pāṇḍu)

• हर्षगद्गदया (harṣagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with joy

• वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (with voice, by speech)

• प्रह्र्̥ष्टः (prahr̥ṣṭaḥ) - exceedingly delighted, very happy

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

अभिवादयमानम् (abhivādayamānam) - offering salutations, bowing down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhivādayamāna

abhivādayamāna - saluting, bowing down, offering homage

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from the root √vand (to salute, praise) with the prefix 'abhi-', in its causative form (-vādayati), and then the Ātmanepada participle suffix śānac (māna).

Prefix: abhi

Root: vand (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍavam (Arjuna).

तु (tu) - indeed, for emphasis (but, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, summit, top

उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having kissed (a traditional gesture of affection, especially towards a child or younger person, by smelling the head) (having smelled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root √ghrā (to smell) with prefixes 'upa-' and 'ā-', and the absolutive suffix lyap.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to Arjuna (the son of Pāṇḍu) (to the son of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic derived from 'pāṇḍu' + 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Object of the actions of greeting (implied by the participle) and smelling/kissing.

हर्षगद्गदया (harṣagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with joy

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of harṣagadgada

harṣagadgada - stammering or choked with joy

A descriptive compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (harṣa+gadgada)

• harṣa – joy, delight, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √hr̥ṣ (to be excited, glad).
  Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)
• gadgada – stammering, faltering (voice), choked (voice)
  adjective (masculine)
  Onomatopoeic origin or from the root √gad (to speak, sound).
  Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vācā.

वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (with voice, by speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रह्र्̥ष्टः (prahr̥ṣṭaḥ) - exceedingly delighted, very happy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahr̥ṣṭa

prahr̥ṣṭa - delighted, overjoyed, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From the root √hr̥ṣ (to be delighted) with the prefix 'pra-', and the kta (Past Passive Participle) suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of abravīt.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name), white, silver

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect third person singular

Root brū (to speak, class 2P), with the augment 'a-' for past tense and the ending for third person singular active voice.

Root: brū (class 2)