महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-163, verse-15

द्वितीयश्चापि मे मासो जलं भक्षयतो गतः ।
निराहारस्तृतीयेऽथ मासे पाण्डवनन्दन ॥१५॥

15. dvitīyaścāpi me māso jalaṁ bhakṣayato gataḥ ,
nirāhārastṛtīye'tha māse pāṇḍavanandana.

15. dvitīyaḥ ca api me māsaḥ jalam bhakṣayataḥ
gataḥ nirāhāraḥ tṛtīye atha māse pāṇḍavanandana

15. O son of Pāṇḍu, my second month passed by while I consumed only water. Then, in the third month, I was completely without food.

Words meanings summery:

• द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• मे (me) - my, to me

• मासः (māsaḥ) - month

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• भक्षयतः (bhakṣayataḥ) - of one consuming, while consuming

• गतः (gataḥ) - passed, gone

• निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - without food, fasting

• तृतीये (tṛtīye) - in the third

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• मासे (māse) - in the month

• पाण्डवनन्दन (pāṇḍavanandana) - O son of Pāṇḍu

Words meanings and morphology

द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second, secondary

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

मासः (māsaḥ) - month

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

भक्षयतः (bhakṣayataḥ) - of one consuming, while consuming

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhakṣayat

bhakṣayat - consuming, eating

Present Active Participle

formed from the causative root bhakṣ (to eat) + śatṛ suffix

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Modifies implied 'mama' or referent of 'me'

गतः (gataḥ) - passed, gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, arrived

Past Passive Participle

formed from root gam (to go) + kta suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'māsaḥ'

निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - without food, fasting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāhāra

nirāhāra - without food, fasting, abstaining from food

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āhāra)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• āhāra – food, eating, taking
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'aham'

तृतीये (tṛtīye) - in the third

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tṛtīya

tṛtīya - third

Note: Agrees with 'māse'

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

मासे (māse) - in the month

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

पाण्डवनन्दन (pāṇḍavanandana) - O son of Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavanandana

pāṇḍavanandana - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+nandana)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu
  noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight
  noun (masculine)