महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-6

शब्दः स्पर्शस्तथा रूपं रसो गन्धश्च पञ्चमः ।
क्रियाकारणयुक्ताः स्युरनित्या मोहसंज्ञिताः ॥६॥

6. śabdaḥ sparśastathā rūpaṁ raso gandhaśca pañcamaḥ ,
kriyākāraṇayuktāḥ syuranityā mohasaṁjñitāḥ.

6. śabdaḥ sparśaḥ tathā rūpam rasaḥ gandhaḥ ca pañcamaḥ
kriyākāraṇayuktāḥ syuḥ anityāḥ mohasaṃjñitāḥ

6. śabdaḥ sparśaḥ tathā rūpam rasaḥ ca pañcamaḥ
gandhaḥ kriyākāraṇayuktāḥ syuḥ anityāḥ mohasaṃjñitāḥ

6. Sound (śabda), touch (sparśa), form (rūpa), taste (rasa), and fifth, smell (gandha) – these are endowed with action and cause. They are impermanent (anitya) and are designated as 'delusion' (mohasaṃjñita).

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of hearing. (sound, word, noise)

• स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of touch. (touch, contact)

• तथा (tathā) - Used as a conjunction meaning 'and'. (similarly, thus, and)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - Refers to the sense object of sight. (form, appearance, color)

• रसः (rasaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of taste. (taste, flavor, essence)

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of smell. (smell, odor, fragrance)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - Referring to smell as the fifth in the list of sense objects. (fifth)

• क्रियाकारणयुक्ताः (kriyākāraṇayuktāḥ) - These sense objects are not independent; they are products of and involved in the cycles of action (karma) and causation. (endowed with action and cause, associated with activity and causality)

• स्युः (syuḥ) - Expresses a possibility or a general statement, often translatable as 'they are'. (they may be, they would be, they are)

• अनित्याः (anityāḥ) - impermanent, transient

• मोहसंज्ञिताः (mohasaṁjñitāḥ) - These sense objects, being impermanent and linked to causality, are considered forms or sources of delusion. (designated as delusion, termed delusion)

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of hearing. (sound, word, noise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, voice, noise

स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of touch. (touch, contact)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, tactile sensation

From √spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

तथा (tathā) - Used as a conjunction meaning 'and'. (similarly, thus, and)

(indeclinable)

रूपम् (rūpam) - Refers to the sense object of sight. (form, appearance, color)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, image

रसः (rasaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of taste. (taste, flavor, essence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, juice, essence, sentiment

From √ras (to taste, feel)

Root: ras (class 1)

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - Refers to the sense object of smell. (smell, odor, fragrance)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance, perfume

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - Referring to smell as the fifth in the list of sense objects. (fifth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth, the fifth one

Ordinal numeral from pañcan (five).

क्रियाकारणयुक्ताः (kriyākāraṇayuktāḥ) - These sense objects are not independent; they are products of and involved in the cycles of action (karma) and causation. (endowed with action and cause, associated with activity and causality)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kriyākāraṇayukta

kriyākāraṇayukta - connected with action and cause

Tatpuruṣa compound: kriyā-kāraṇa (action and cause) + yukta (joined, connected)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kriyā+kāraṇa+yukta)

• kriyā – action, activity, ritual, rite
  noun (feminine)
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument, motive
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do, make), causative
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• yukta – joined, connected, endowed with, proper, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

स्युः (syuḥ) - Expresses a possibility or a general statement, often translatable as 'they are'. (they may be, they would be, they are)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

From √as (to be), 2nd class, optative, 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

अनित्याः (anityāḥ) - impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, not eternal

Negative prefix a- (not) + nitya (eternal, constant)

मोहसंज्ञिताः (mohasaṁjñitāḥ) - These sense objects, being impermanent and linked to causality, are considered forms or sources of delusion. (designated as delusion, termed delusion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mohasaṃjñita

mohasaṁjñita - designated as delusion, called illusion

Tatpuruṣa compound: moha (delusion) + saṃjñita (designated, named)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (moha+saṃjñita)

• moha – delusion, illusion, confusion, infatuation
  noun (masculine)
  From √muh (to be bewildered, confused)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• saṃjñita – named, called, designated, understood
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam- + √jñā (to know)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)