महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-55

कामक्रोधौ भयं मोहमभिद्रोहमथानृतम् ।
इन्द्रियाणां निरोधेन स तांस्त्यजति दुस्त्यजान् ॥५५॥

55. kāmakrodhau bhayaṁ mohamabhidrohamathānṛtam ,
indriyāṇāṁ nirodhena sa tāṁstyajati dustyajān.

55. kāmakrodhau bhayam moham abhidroham atha anṛtam
indriyāṇām nirodhena saḥ tān tyajati dustyajān

55. saḥ indriyāṇām nirodhena tān dustyajān kāmakrodhau
bhayam moham abhidroham atha anṛtam tyajati

55. By restraining the senses, such a person abandons these difficult-to-relinquish qualities: desire (kāma), anger (krodha), fear, delusion, malice, and untruth.

Words meanings summery:

• कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire and anger

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear

• मोहम् (moham) - delusion

• अभिद्रोहम् (abhidroham) - malice, treachery, hostility

• अथ (atha) - and (and, then, moreover)

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth, falsehood

• इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

• निरोधेन (nirodhena) - by restraint, by control

• सः (saḥ) - such a person (referring to one who practices sense restraint) (he, such a person)

• तान् (tān) - them (referring to desire, anger, fear, etc.) (them)

• त्यजति (tyajati) - abandons, gives up

• दुस्त्यजान् (dustyajān) - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

Words meanings and morphology

कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire and anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāmakrodha

kāmakrodha - desire and anger

compound of kāma and krodha

Compound type : dvandva (kāma+krodha)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  from root kam- "to desire"
  Root: kam (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  from root krudh- "to be angry"
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Dual form functions as accusative object.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

from root bhī- "to fear"

Root: bhī (class 3)

मोहम् (moham) - delusion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, bewilderment, infatuation

from root muh- "to be bewildered"

Root: muh (class 4)

अभिद्रोहम् (abhidroham) - malice, treachery, hostility

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhidroha

abhidroha - hostility, treachery, injuring

from root druh- "to injure" with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: druh (class 4)

अथ (atha) - and (and, then, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction.

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth, falsehood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, lie

negation (a-) of ṛta (truth)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, righteousness
  noun (neuter)
  from root ṛ- "to go, move, attain"
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

इन्द्रियाणाम् (indriyāṇām) - of the senses

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense

derived from Indra; that which belongs to or is suitable for Indra; power, faculty

निरोधेन (nirodhena) - by restraint, by control

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nirodha

nirodha - restraint, control, suppression, confinement

from root rudh- "to obstruct" with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: rudh (class 7)

सः (saḥ) - such a person (referring to one who practices sense restraint) (he, such a person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Restored sandhi form of 'sa'.

तान् (tān) - them (referring to desire, anger, fear, etc.) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the previously listed vices.

त्यजति (tyajati) - abandons, gives up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tyaj

present active

Class 1 verb (bhv-ādi)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

दुस्त्यजान् (dustyajān) - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dustyaja

dustyaja - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

gerundive (kṛtya)

from prefix dus- (difficult) + root tyaj- (to abandon) + suffix -a

Compound type : pra-ādi tatpuruṣa (dus+tyaja)

• dus – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix
• tyaja – to be abandoned, fit to be abandoned
  adjective (masculine)
  gerundive/kṛtya
  from root tyaj- with -a suffix
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tān'.