महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-27

आकाशं प्रथमं भूतं श्रोत्रमध्यात्ममुच्यते ।
अधिभूतं तथा शब्दो दिशस्तत्राधिदैवतम् ॥२७॥

27. ākāśaṁ prathamaṁ bhūtaṁ śrotramadhyātmamucyate ,
adhibhūtaṁ tathā śabdo diśastatrādhidaivatam.

27. ākāśam prathamam bhūtam śrotram adhyātmam ucyate
adhibhūtam tathā śabdaḥ diśaḥ tatra adhidaivatam

27. ākāśam prathamam bhūtam ucyate śrotram adhyātmam
tathā śabdaḥ adhibhūtam tatra diśaḥ adhidaivatam

27. Space (ākāśa) is declared to be the first element. The ear is called its inner faculty (adhyātma); likewise, sound is its gross object (adhibhūta), and the directions are its presiding divinity (adhidaivata).

Words meanings summery:

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the element of space (ākāśa) (space, ether, sky)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - the first (element) (first, primary)

• भूतम् (bhūtam) - the (gross) element (element, being, created thing, past)

• श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - the sense organ of hearing, the ear (ear, sense of hearing)

• अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - the inner faculty or subjective aspect (adhyātma), here referring to the sense organ connected to the element (pertaining to the self/spirit, inner faculty)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared or called (is said, is called)

• अधिभूतम् (adhibhūtam) - the objective manifestation or gross object (adhibhūta), here referring to the sense object connected to the element (pertaining to beings/elements, objective manifestation)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, and (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (as the object of hearing) (sound, word)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions (direction, quarter of the sky)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that context, for that (element) (there, in that place, in that case)

• अधिदैवतम् (adhidaivatam) - the presiding deity or divine aspect (adhidaivata), here referring to the deity connected to the element (pertaining to the gods, presiding deity)

Words meanings and morphology

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the element of space (ākāśa) (space, ether, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - space, ether, sky; the first of the five gross elements (mahābhūta)

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Can also be masculine. Here used as neuter, agreeing with 'bhūtam'.

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - the first (element) (first, primary)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal; prior, earliest

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtam'.

भूतम् (bhūtam) - the (gross) element (element, being, created thing, past)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūta

bhūta - element (one of the five great elements: space, air, fire, water, earth); being; created thing; past (as participle)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, exist).

Root: bhū (class 1)

श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - the sense organ of hearing, the ear (ear, sense of hearing)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrotra

śrotra - ear, the organ of hearing

Root: śru (class 5)

अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - the inner faculty or subjective aspect (adhyātma), here referring to the sense organ connected to the element (pertaining to the self/spirit, inner faculty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhyātma

adhyātma - pertaining to the self, spiritual, subjective; the internal faculty or sense organ related to a specific element

Compound type : avyayībhāva (adhi+ātman)

• adhi – over, above, concerning, pertaining to
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, vital breath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: The compound is 'adhi' + 'ātman'. While 'adhyātma' is typically avyayībhāva, here it functions as a noun in neuter nominative singular.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared or called (is said, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

Root 'vac' (to speak) takes 'uc' in passive forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

अधिभूतम् (adhibhūtam) - the objective manifestation or gross object (adhibhūta), here referring to the sense object connected to the element (pertaining to beings/elements, objective manifestation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhibhūta

adhibhūta - pertaining to created beings or elements; the objective manifestation or gross object related to a specific element

Compound type : avyayībhāva (adhi+bhūta)

• adhi – over, above, concerning, pertaining to
  indeclinable
• bhūta – element; being; created thing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Similar to adhyātma, 'adhi' + 'bhūta' functions as a neuter noun here.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, and (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

(indeclinable)

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (as the object of hearing) (sound, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, voice, word

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions (direction, quarter of the sky)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass, space

Note: Masculine in some contexts. Here feminine plural.

तत्र (tatra) - in that context, for that (element) (there, in that place, in that case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to 'ākāśam'.

अधिदैवतम् (adhidaivatam) - the presiding deity or divine aspect (adhidaivata), here referring to the deity connected to the element (pertaining to the gods, presiding deity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhidaivata

adhidaivata - pertaining to the gods; the presiding deity or divine aspect related to a specific element

Compound type : avyayībhāva (adhi+devatā)

• adhi – over, above, concerning, pertaining to
  indeclinable
• devatā – divinity, godhead, deity
  noun (feminine)
  From deva + tā (feminine suffix)

Note: Similar to adhyātma and adhibhūta, 'adhi' + 'devatā' functions as a neuter noun here.