महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-40

यथावदध्यात्मविधिरेष वः कीर्तितो मया ।
ज्ञानमस्य हि धर्मज्ञाः प्राप्तं बुद्धिमतामिह ॥४०॥

40. yathāvadadhyātmavidhireṣa vaḥ kīrtito mayā ,
jñānamasya hi dharmajñāḥ prāptaṁ buddhimatāmiha.

40. yathāvat adhyātma-vidhiḥ eṣaḥ vaḥ kīrtitaḥ mayā
jñānam asya hi dharma-jñāḥ prāptam buddhimatām iha

40. This spiritual method (adhyātma-vidhi) has been declared by me to you as it should be. Indeed, O knowers of natural law (dharma), the knowledge of this is attained here by the intelligent.

Words meanings summery:

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - in a proper manner, as it should be (properly, exactly, according to rule)

• अध्यात्म-विधिः (adhyātma-vidhiḥ) - the procedure or method related to the spiritual (adhyātman) aspect (rule concerning the self, spiritual method)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - referring to the adhyātma-vidhi just mentioned (this (one))

• वः (vaḥ) - to the audience addressed by the speaker (to you (plural), your)

• कीर्तितः (kīrtitaḥ) - has been spoken or explained (declared, proclaimed, spoken of)

• मया (mayā) - indicating the agent of the passive action (by me)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - the understanding derived from this teaching (knowledge, wisdom)

• अस्य (asya) - of this adhyātma-vidhi (of this, his, its)

• हि (hi) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, surely, for)

• धर्म-ज्ञाः (dharma-jñāḥ) - address to those who understand ethical and cosmic order (O knowers of natural law (dharma))

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - is gained or achieved (attained, obtained, reached)

• बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - by those possessing intelligence or wisdom (of the intelligent, by the wise)

• इह (iha) - in this (earthly) existence or context (here, in this world, in this case)

Words meanings and morphology

यथावत् (yathāvat) - in a proper manner, as it should be (properly, exactly, according to rule)

(indeclinable)

From yathā + suffix -vat

Note: Adverb.

अध्यात्म-विधिः (adhyātma-vidhiḥ) - the procedure or method related to the spiritual (adhyātman) aspect (rule concerning the self, spiritual method)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhyātma-vidhi

adhyātma-vidhi - spiritual rule, method concerning the self

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhyātman+vidhi)

• adhyātman – spiritual principle, relating to the self
  noun (neuter)
  adhyātma is the combining form
• vidhi – rule, method, ordinance, injunction
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√dhā (to place, arrange, ordain)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the passive verb kīrtitaḥ.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - referring to the adhyātma-vidhi just mentioned (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Nominative singular masculine of etad

Note: Refers to adhyātma-vidhiḥ.

वः (vaḥ) - to the audience addressed by the speaker (to you (plural), your)

(pronoun)

plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Dative/genitive plural of yuṣmad

Note: Implied dative: 'to you'.

कीर्तितः (kīrtitaḥ) - has been spoken or explained (declared, proclaimed, spoken of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtita

kīrtita - declared, praised

Past Passive Participle

From root kīrt (to mention, proclaim) with suffix -ta

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective, forming a passive construction.

मया (mayā) - indicating the agent of the passive action (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Instrumental singular of asmad

Note: Agent in passive construction.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - the understanding derived from this teaching (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding

From root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of prāptam.

अस्य (asya) - of this adhyātma-vidhi (of this, his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Genitive singular masculine/neuter of idam

Note: Genitive indicating possession or relation to jñānam.

हि (hi) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle

धर्म-ज्ञाः (dharma-jñāḥ) - address to those who understand ethical and cosmic order (O knowers of natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of dharma-jña

dharma-jña - knowing dharma, wise in dharma

Vocative plural masculine of compound noun/adjective dharma-jña

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, understanding
  adjective/agent noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Direct address.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - is gained or achieved (attained, obtained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√āp (to obtain, reach) with suffix -ta

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for jñānam.

बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - by those possessing intelligence or wisdom (of the intelligent, by the wise)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise

Genitive plural masculine/neuter of adjective buddhimat (possessing buddhi)

Note: Genitive of agent or possession.

इह (iha) - in this (earthly) existence or context (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb

Note: Adverb of place.