महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-14

इन्द्रियग्राम इत्येष मन एकादशं भवेत् ।
एतं ग्रामं जयेत्पूर्वं ततो ब्रह्म प्रकाशते ॥१४॥

14. indriyagrāma ityeṣa mana ekādaśaṁ bhavet ,
etaṁ grāmaṁ jayetpūrvaṁ tato brahma prakāśate.

14. indriyagrāmaḥ iti eṣaḥ manaḥ ekādaśam bhavet
etam grāmam jayet pūrvaṃ tataḥ brahma prakāśate

14. This is the group of senses; the mind would be the eleventh. One should first conquer this group, then the absolute (brahman) shines forth.

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रियग्रामः (indriyagrāmaḥ) - The collective body of the ten senses enumerated in the previous verse. (group of senses, aggregate of sense organs)

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of a statement or description. (thus, in this manner, so)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to the 'indriyagrāma' (group of senses). (this)

• मनः (manaḥ) - The internal sense organ, distinct from the ten external senses. (mind, intellect, heart)

• एकादशम् (ekādaśam) - The mind is the eleventh among the sense organs. (the eleventh)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - The mind is to be considered the eleventh. (may be, should be, would be, becomes)

• एतम् (etam) - Refers to the 'grāmam' (group, i.e., of senses). (this)

• ग्रामम् (grāmam) - The group of eleven senses, including the mind. (group, aggregate)

• जयेत् (jayet) - To control or master the senses and mind. (one should conquer, one should overcome)

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - Emphasizes that control of the senses is a prerequisite. (first, before, formerly)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates a consequence: after conquering the senses, 'brahman' appears. (then, thence, afterwards, therefore)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate reality (brahman) that becomes evident upon self-mastery. (the absolute, ultimate reality)

• प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - Brahman reveals itself to the purified individual. (it shines forth, it appears, it becomes manifest)

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रियग्रामः (indriyagrāmaḥ) - The collective body of the ten senses enumerated in the previous verse. (group of senses, aggregate of sense organs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indriyagrāma

indriyagrāma - group of senses, aggregate of sense organs

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'indriya' (sense organ) + 'grāma' (group).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indriya+grāma)

• indriya – sense organ, faculty
  noun (neuter)
• grāma – group, multitude, village, community
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'is'.

इति (iti) - Marks the end of a statement or description. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to the 'indriyagrāma' (group of senses). (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'indriyagrāmaḥ'.

मनः (manaḥ) - The internal sense organ, distinct from the ten external senses. (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, thought, spirit, heart, conscience

From root 'man' (to think).

Root: man

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

एकादशम् (ekādaśam) - The mind is the eleventh among the sense organs. (the eleventh)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ekādaśa

ekādaśa - the eleventh

From 'ekādaśan' (eleven).

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - The mind is to be considered the eleventh. (may be, should be, would be, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Root verb, class 1 (bhv-ādi), parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'manaḥ'.

एतम् (etam) - Refers to the 'grāmam' (group, i.e., of senses). (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'grāmam'.

ग्रामम् (grāmam) - The group of eleven senses, including the mind. (group, aggregate)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - group, multitude, village, community

Note: Refers to the 'indriyagrāma'.

जयेत् (jayet) - To control or master the senses and mind. (one should conquer, one should overcome)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ji

Optative Active

Root verb, class 1 (bhv-ādi), parasmaipada.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Implicit subject 'one'.

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - Emphasizes that control of the senses is a prerequisite. (first, before, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'purā' (formerly).

Note: Modifies 'jayet'.

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates a consequence: after conquering the senses, 'brahman' appears. (then, thence, afterwards, therefore)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tas' (ablative suffix).

ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate reality (brahman) that becomes evident upon self-mastery. (the absolute, ultimate reality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the absolute, ultimate reality, the divine ground of all existence; sacred word, prayer, Vedic text; a brahmin priest

From root 'bṛh' (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh

प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - Brahman reveals itself to the purified individual. (it shines forth, it appears, it becomes manifest)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prakāś

Present Middle

From prefix 'pra' + root 'kāś' (to shine), usually ātmanepada.

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'brahma'.