महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-13

श्रोत्रं त्वक्चक्षुषी जिह्वा नासिका चैव पञ्चमी ।
पादौ पायुरुपस्थं च हस्तौ वाग्दशमी भवेत् ॥१३॥

13. śrotraṁ tvakcakṣuṣī jihvā nāsikā caiva pañcamī ,
pādau pāyurupasthaṁ ca hastau vāgdaśamī bhavet.

13. śrotram tvak cakṣuṣī jihvā nāsikā ca eva pañcamī
pādau pāyuḥ upastham ca hastau vāk daśamī bhavet

13. The ear, skin, eyes, tongue, and the nose as the fifth; the feet, anus, genitals, and hands, with speech being the tenth.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - The physical organ and faculty of hearing. (ear, sense of hearing)

• त्वक् (tvak) - The physical organ and faculty of touch. (skin, sense of touch)

• चक्षुषी (cakṣuṣī) - The two eyes, as organs of vision. (eyes, sense of sight)

• जिह्वा (jihvā) - The physical organ and faculty of taste. (tongue, sense of taste)

• नासिका (nāsikā) - The physical organ and faculty of smell. (nose, sense of smell)

• च (ca) - Connects 'nāsikā' to the preceding list. (and, also)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'pañcamī' (the fifth). (indeed, just, only)

• पञ्चमी (pañcamī) - The nose is specified as the fifth in the list of senses. (the fifth)

• पादौ (pādau) - The two feet, as organs of locomotion. (feet)

• पायुः (pāyuḥ) - The organ responsible for excretion. (anus, organ of excretion)

• उपस्थम् (upastham) - The sexual organs. (genitals, organ of procreation)

• च (ca) - Connects 'upastham' to the preceding list. (and, also)

• हस्तौ (hastau) - The two hands, as organs of manipulation. (hands)

• वाक् (vāk) - The faculty of speech, represented by the mouth and vocal cords. (speech, voice)

• दशमी (daśamī) - Speech is enumerated as the tenth organ. (the tenth)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - Speech is to be considered the tenth. (may be, should be, would be, becomes)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - The physical organ and faculty of hearing. (ear, sense of hearing)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrotra

śrotra - ear, sense of hearing

From root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru

त्वक् (tvak) - The physical organ and faculty of touch. (skin, sense of touch)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, sense of touch

Note: Stem is 'tvac', nominative singular is 'tvak'.

चक्षुषी (cakṣuṣī) - The two eyes, as organs of vision. (eyes, sense of sight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

From root 'cakṣ' (to see).

Root: cakṣ

Note: The dual form indicates both eyes.

जिह्वा (jihvā) - The physical organ and faculty of taste. (tongue, sense of taste)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue, organ of taste, speech

नासिका (nāsikā) - The physical organ and faculty of smell. (nose, sense of smell)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nāsikā

nāsikā - nose, organ of smell

च (ca) - Connects 'nāsikā' to the preceding list. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'pañcamī' (the fifth). (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

पञ्चमी (pañcamī) - The nose is specified as the fifth in the list of senses. (the fifth)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pañcamī

pañcamī - the fifth (feminine)

Derived from 'pañcan' (five).

पादौ (pādau) - The two feet, as organs of locomotion. (feet)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg; quarter, chapter; ray of light

From root 'pad' (to go).

Root: pad

Note: The dual form indicates both feet.

पायुः (pāyuḥ) - The organ responsible for excretion. (anus, organ of excretion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāyu

pāyu - anus, organ of excretion

From root 'pā' (to protect) or 'pu' (to purify).

Root: pā/pu

उपस्थम् (upastham) - The sexual organs. (genitals, organ of procreation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upastha

upastha - lap, seat; sexual organs, genitals

From 'upa' (near) + 'sthā' (to stand).

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā

च (ca) - Connects 'upastham' to the preceding list. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

हस्तौ (hastau) - The two hands, as organs of manipulation. (hands)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of hasta

hasta - hand; trunk of an elephant; a measure of length (cubit)

Note: The dual form indicates both hands.

वाक् (vāk) - The faculty of speech, represented by the mouth and vocal cords. (speech, voice)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word, language

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac

Note: Stem is 'vāc', nominative singular is 'vāk'.

दशमी (daśamī) - Speech is enumerated as the tenth organ. (the tenth)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of daśamī

daśamī - the tenth (feminine)

Derived from 'daśan' (ten).

भवेत् (bhavet) - Speech is to be considered the tenth. (may be, should be, would be, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Root verb, class 1 (bhv-ādi), parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'vāk' (or 'vāg daśamī').