महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-19

अण्डजोद्भिज्जसंस्वेदजरायुजमथापि च ।
चतुर्धा जन्म इत्येतद्भूतग्रामस्य लक्ष्यते ॥१९॥

19. aṇḍajodbhijjasaṁsvedajarāyujamathāpi ca ,
caturdhā janma ityetadbhūtagrāmasya lakṣyate.

19. aṇḍajodbhijjasaṃsvedajarāyujam atha api ca
caturdhā janma iti etat bhūtagrāmasya lakṣyate

19. bhūtagrāmasya janma aṇḍajodbhijjasaṃsvedajarāyujam
atha api ca etat iti caturdhā lakṣyate

19. Furthermore, these four types of birth are observed for the multitude of beings: those born from eggs, from sprouts, from moisture, and from the womb.

Words meanings summery:

• अण्डजोद्भिज्जसंस्वेदजरायुजम् (aṇḍajodbhijjasaṁsvedajarāyujam) - four categories of birth (egg-born, sprout-born, moisture-born, and womb-born) (egg-born, sprout-born, moisture-born, and womb-born (beings))

• अथ (atha) - furthermore (then, now, moreover, and)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, moreover)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चतुर्धा (caturdhā) - in four ways (in four ways, fourfold)

• जन्म (janma) - birth (birth, origin, life)

• इति (iti) - thus, this (referring to the preceding enumeration) (thus, so, this way, indicating direct speech or enumeration)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the 'four types of birth') (this, that)

• भूतग्रामस्य (bhūtagrāmasya) - of the multitude of beings (of the multitude of beings, of the collection of creatures)

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed (is observed, is indicated, is marked)

Words meanings and morphology

अण्डजोद्भिज्जसंस्वेदजरायुजम् (aṇḍajodbhijjasaṁsvedajarāyujam) - four categories of birth (egg-born, sprout-born, moisture-born, and womb-born) (egg-born, sprout-born, moisture-born, and womb-born (beings))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṇḍajodbhijjasaṃsvedajarāyuja

aṇḍajodbhijjasaṁsvedajarāyuja - (beings) born from eggs, from sprouts, from moisture, and from the womb

A descriptive compound adjective listing the four types of birth.

Compound type : Dvandva (aṇḍaja+udbhijja+saṃsvedaja+jarāyuja)

• aṇḍaja – egg-born
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'aṇḍa' (egg) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• udbhijja – sprout-born, plant-born
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'ud-bhij' (to sprout, burst forth) + 'ja' (born).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• saṃsvedaja – moisture-born, sweat-born
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'saṃsveda' (sweat, moisture) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• jarāyuja – womb-born, placenta-born
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'jarāyu' (womb, placenta) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'etat' and describing 'janma'.

अथ (atha) - furthermore (then, now, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects ideas, adding emphasis or sequence.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes inclusion.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

चतुर्धा (caturdhā) - in four ways (in four ways, fourfold)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'catur' (four) + '-dhā' suffix (in such a manner).

Note: Adverbial form indicating manner.

जन्म (janma) - birth (birth, origin, life)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, life, existence

Derived from root 'jan' (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence (birth is observed).

इति (iti) - thus, this (referring to the preceding enumeration) (thus, so, this way, indicating direct speech or enumeration)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces or summarizes a statement.

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the 'four types of birth') (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned concept of four types of birth.

भूतग्रामस्य (bhūtagrāmasya) - of the multitude of beings (of the multitude of beings, of the collection of creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhūtagrāma

bhūtagrāma - multitude of beings, collection of creatures, realm of living beings

Compound of 'bhūta' (being) and 'grāma' (multitude, collection).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bhūta+grāma)

• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'bhū' (to be, to exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• grāma – multitude, collection, village
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates possession or relation to the observed birth types.

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed (is observed, is indicated, is marked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Present Passive

From root 'lakṣ' (to perceive, mark).

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: The passive voice agrees with 'janma' (birth) as the subject.