महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-48

यथाग्निरिन्धनैरिद्धो महाज्योतिः प्रकाशते ।
तथेन्द्रियनिरोधेन महानात्मा प्रकाशते ॥४८॥

48. yathāgnirindhanairiddho mahājyotiḥ prakāśate ,
tathendriyanirodhena mahānātmā prakāśate.

48. yathā agniḥ indhanaiḥ iddhaḥ mahājyotiḥ prakāśate
tathā indriyanirodhena mahān ātmā prakāśate

48. yathā agniḥ indhanaiḥ iddhaḥ mahājyotiḥ prakāśate
tathā indriyanirodhena mahān ātmā prakāśate

48. Just as fire, when kindled by fuel, shines forth as a great light, so too, by the restraint of the senses, the great self (ātman) shines forth.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according as

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire, Agni (the deity)

• इन्धनैः (indhanaiḥ) - by fuels, by faggots, by firewood

• इद्धः (iddhaḥ) - kindled, inflamed, burning

• महाज्योतिः (mahājyotiḥ) - a great light, a powerful radiance

• प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, manifests, appears

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

• इन्द्रियनिरोधेन (indriyanirodhena) - by the restraint of the senses

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the supreme self, the individual self (ātman) (the self, soul, spirit)

• प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, manifests, appears

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according as

(indeclinable)

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire, Agni (the deity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, deity Agni

इन्धनैः (indhanaiḥ) - by fuels, by faggots, by firewood

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of indhana

indhana - fuel, firewood, kindling

From root 'idh' (to kindle)

Root: idh (class 7)

इद्धः (iddhaḥ) - kindled, inflamed, burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of iddha

iddha - kindled, inflamed, burnt

Past Passive Participle

From root 'idh' (to kindle)

Root: idh (class 7)

महाज्योतिः (mahājyotiḥ) - a great light, a powerful radiance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahājyotis

mahājyotis - great light, great splendor

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'jyotis' (light).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+jyotis)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of 'mahant'.
• jyotis – light, luster, radiance, star
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, manifests, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prakāś

present middle

From pra-kāś (to shine forth). The root 'kāś' means 'to shine'. With 'pra', it means 'to shine forth, become visible'.

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रियनिरोधेन (indriyanirodhena) - by the restraint of the senses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indriyanirodha

indriyanirodha - restraint of the senses

Compound of 'indriya' (sense organ) and 'nirodha' (restraint).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indriya+nirodha)

• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
• nirodha – restraint, suppression, control
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-rudh (to obstruct, stop)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: rudh (class 7)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahant

mahant - great, mighty, large, eminent

Present Active Participle

Nominative singular masculine of the stem 'mahant'.

Root: mah

आत्मा (ātmā) - the supreme self, the individual self (ātman) (the self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living principle

Root: an (class 2)

प्रकाशते (prakāśate) - shines forth, manifests, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prakāś

present middle

From pra-kāś (to shine forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)