महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-42, verse-50

अग्नी रूपं पयः स्रोतो वायुः स्पर्शनमेव च ।
मही पङ्कधरं घोरमाकाशं श्रवणं तथा ॥५०॥

50. agnī rūpaṁ payaḥ sroto vāyuḥ sparśanameva ca ,
mahī paṅkadharaṁ ghoramākāśaṁ śravaṇaṁ tathā.

50. agnī rūpam payaḥ srotaḥ vāyuḥ sparśanam eva ca
mahī paṅkadharam ghoram ākāśam śravaṇam tathā

50. agnī rūpam payaḥ srotaḥ vāyuḥ sparśanam eva ca
mahī paṅkadharam ghoram ākāśam śravaṇam tathā

50. For fire, there is form; for water, there is flow; for air, there is touch; and indeed, for earth, there is the dreadful mud-bearing quality; and similarly, for space, there is hearing.

Words meanings summery:

• अग्नी (agnī) - for fire, pertaining to fire (poetic or colloquial usage for 'fire's attribute') (two fires)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form (as a sense object of sight) (form, appearance, beauty, color)

• पयः (payaḥ) - water (as one of the great elements) (water, milk, fluid)

• स्रोतः (srotaḥ) - flow, current (as an attribute of water, possibly hinting at taste/fluidity) (stream, current, flow, source)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air (as one of the great elements) (air, wind)

• स्पर्शनम् (sparśanam) - touch (as a sense object, traditionally associated with air) (touch, sense of touch, act of touching)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes the preceding word, 'indeed' or 'just this' (even, only, just, indeed)

• च (ca) - and, also

• मही (mahī) - earth (as one of the great elements) (earth, land, ground)

• पङ्कधरम् (paṅkadharam) - the quality of bearing mud, earthiness (associated with smell, solidity) (mud-bearing, holding mud)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, horrific, terrible, formidable

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - space (as one of the great elements) (space, ether, sky)

• श्रवणम् (śravaṇam) - hearing (as a sense object, traditionally associated with space) (hearing, ear, sound)

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (similarly, and, thus)

Words meanings and morphology

अग्नी (agnī) - for fire, pertaining to fire (poetic or colloquial usage for 'fire's attribute') (two fires)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, deity Agni

Note: Interpreted contextually for its function in the verse's meaning.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form (as a sense object of sight) (form, appearance, beauty, color)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, color

Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Predicate nominative.

पयः (payaḥ) - water (as one of the great elements) (water, milk, fluid)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of payas

payas - water, milk, fluid, drink

Root: pī (class 4)

स्रोतः (srotaḥ) - flow, current (as an attribute of water, possibly hinting at taste/fluidity) (stream, current, flow, source)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of srotas

srotas - stream, current, flow, source, torrent

From root 'sru' (to flow)

Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air (as one of the great elements) (air, wind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, vital air (prāṇa), deity Vayu

From root 'vā' (to blow)

Root: vā (class 2)

स्पर्शनम् (sparśanam) - touch (as a sense object, traditionally associated with air) (touch, sense of touch, act of touching)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sparśana

sparśana - touching, contact, the sense of touch, sensation

From root 'spṛś' (to touch) + -ana suffix

Root: spṛś (class 6)

एव (eva) - emphasizes the preceding word, 'indeed' or 'just this' (even, only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मही (mahī) - earth (as one of the great elements) (earth, land, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land, ground, a cow

Feminine derivative of 'mahant' (great).

पङ्कधरम् (paṅkadharam) - the quality of bearing mud, earthiness (associated with smell, solidity) (mud-bearing, holding mud)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paṅkadhara

paṅkadhara - bearing mud, holding mud

Compound of 'paṅka' (mud) and 'dhara' (bearing, holding).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paṅka+dhara)

• paṅka – mud, mire, dirt, sin
  noun (masculine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, carrying, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From root 'dhṛ' (to bear, hold) + -a suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with an implied neuter noun like 'attribute' or acting as a predicate.

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, horrific, terrible, formidable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable, intense

Root: ghū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'paṅkadharam'.

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - space (as one of the great elements) (space, ether, sky)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - ether, space, sky, atmosphere

From ā-kāś (to shine forth, appear), implying 'that which appears all around'

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

श्रवणम् (śravaṇam) - hearing (as a sense object, traditionally associated with space) (hearing, ear, sound)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śravaṇa

śravaṇa - hearing, ear, sound, tradition, report

From root 'śru' (to hear) + -ana suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (similarly, and, thus)

(indeclinable)