महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-153, verse-39

उक्तवानस्मि दुर्बुद्धिं मन्दं दुर्योधनं पुरा ।
यतः कृष्णस्ततो धर्मो यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः ॥३९॥

39. uktavānasmi durbuddhiṁ mandaṁ duryodhanaṁ purā ,
yataḥ kṛṣṇastato dharmo yato dharmastato jayaḥ.

39. uktavān asmi durbuddhim mandam duryodhanam purā
yataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ tataḥ dharmaḥ yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ jayaḥ

39. purā aham durbuddhim mandam duryodhanam uktavān asmi
yataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ tataḥ dharmaḥ yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ jayaḥ

39. Formerly, I told the evil-minded, foolish Duryodhana, 'Where Kṛṣṇa is, there is natural law (dharma); where natural law (dharma) is, there is victory.'

Words meanings summery:

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - one who has said (referring to the speaker, Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (one who has spoken, said)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• दुर्बुद्धिम् (durbuddhim) - the evil-minded one, Duryodhana (evil-minded, foolish)

• मन्दम् (mandam) - the foolish one, Duryodhana (slow, dull, foolish)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (name of a character))

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• यतः (yataḥ) - where (from whom, from where, wherefore, because)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (proper name), black, dark)

• ततः (tataḥ) - there (thence, then, therefore, there)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

• यतः (yataḥ) - where (from whom, from where, wherefore, because)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

• ततः (tataḥ) - there (thence, then, therefore, there)

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, conquest)

Words meanings and morphology

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - one who has said (referring to the speaker, Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (one who has spoken, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - one who has spoken, having spoken

Past Active Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) as 'ukta' (Past Passive Participle) + 'vatup' suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present active indicative

First person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

दुर्बुद्धिम् (durbuddhim) - the evil-minded one, Duryodhana (evil-minded, foolish)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - evil-minded, foolish, having bad intellect

Compound of 'dur' (bad) and 'buddhi' (intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

मन्दम् (mandam) - the foolish one, Duryodhana (slow, dull, foolish)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manda

manda - slow, dull, foolish, weak

From root 'mand' (to be slow, dull).

Root: mand (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight with')

Compound of 'dur' (difficult) and 'yodhana' (fighter/fighting).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yudh' (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of the verb 'uktavān asmi'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

यतः (yataḥ) - where (from whom, from where, wherefore, because)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'yad' (which, who).

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Kṛṣṇa (proper name), black, dark)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa, black, dark, lord

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.

ततः (tataḥ) - there (thence, then, therefore, there)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' (that).

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.

यतः (yataḥ) - where (from whom, from where, wherefore, because)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'yad' (which, who).

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.

ततः (tataḥ) - there (thence, then, therefore, there)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' (that).

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, conquest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

From root 'ji' (to conquer, win).

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.