महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-153, verse-18

अब्रवीद्भरतश्रेष्ठं धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
भ्रातृभिः सह कौरव्य शयानं निम्नगासुतम् ॥१८॥

18. abravīdbharataśreṣṭhaṁ dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
bhrātṛbhiḥ saha kauravya śayānaṁ nimnagāsutam.

18. abravīt bharataśreṣṭham dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
bhrātṛbhiḥ saha kauravya śayānam nimnagāsutam

18. King Yudhiṣṭhira, the righteous king (dharma rāja), accompanied by his brothers, addressed the best of the Bhāratas, the son of the river (Bhīṣma), who was lying down, saying, 'O scion of Kuru'.

Words meanings summery:

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) spoke (spoke, said)

• भरतश्रेष्ठम् (bharataśreṣṭham) - Bhīṣma, the best of the Bhāratas (best of the Bhāratas)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of righteousness (dharma) (righteous king, king of dharma)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, firm in battle (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - along with his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

• सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru (addressed to Bhīṣma) (O scion of Kuru)

• शयानम् (śayānam) - (Bhīṣma) who was lying down (lying down, sleeping)

• निम्नगासुतम् (nimnagāsutam) - Bhīṣma, the son of the river Gaṅgā (son of the river (Ganges))

Words meanings and morphology

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense

From root brū, Imperfect 3rd singular

Root: brū (class 2)

भरतश्रेष्ठम् (bharataśreṣṭham) - Bhīṣma, the best of the Bhāratas (best of the Bhāratas)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of the Bhāratas

Compound of Bharata (name of a legendary king, also a lineage) and śreṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a Bhārata
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative of praśasya/praśasta (excellent)

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of righteousness (dharma) (righteous king, king of dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāj

dharmarāj - righteous king, king of dharma (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāj)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain) + -man suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāj – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root rāj (to rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, firm in battle (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; proper name of the eldest Pāṇḍava

Compound of yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Locative form used in compound 'yudhi'
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - along with his (Yudhiṣṭhira's) brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/postposition governing instrumental case

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru (addressed to Bhīṣma) (O scion of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Patronymic from Kuru + -avya suffix

Note: It appears as a direct address within the speech of Yudhiṣṭhira to Bhīṣma.

शयानम् (śayānam) - (Bhīṣma) who was lying down (lying down, sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping

Present Active Participle

From root śī (to lie down) + śānac (ātmanepada participle) suffix

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe 'nimnagāsutam'.

निम्नगासुतम् (nimnagāsutam) - Bhīṣma, the son of the river Gaṅgā (son of the river (Ganges))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nimnagāsuta

nimnagāsuta - son of the river; an epithet for Bhīṣma

Compound of nimnagā (river) and suta (son)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nimnagā+suta)

• nimnagā – river
  noun (feminine)
  From nimna (low, deep) + gam (to go), literally 'that which goes downwards'
  Root: gam (class 1)
• suta – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (from sū)
  From root sū (to give birth)
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.