महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-153, verse-15

शयानं वीरशयने ददर्श नृपतिस्ततः ।
ततो रथादवारोहद्भ्रातृभिः सह धर्मराट् ॥१५॥

15. śayānaṁ vīraśayane dadarśa nṛpatistataḥ ,
tato rathādavārohadbhrātṛbhiḥ saha dharmarāṭ.

15. śayānam vīraśayane dadarśa nṛpatiḥ tataḥ tataḥ
rathāt avārohat bhrātṛbhiḥ saha dharmarāṭ

15. The king then saw him lying on a hero's bed (of arrows). After that, the righteous king (dharma rāṭ), along with his brothers, descended from the chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• शयानम् (śayānam) - him who was lying down (referring to Bhīṣma) (lying down, sleeping)

• वीरशयने (vīraśayane) - on the bed of arrows (referring to Bhīṣma's state) (on a hero's bed)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) saw (Bhīṣma) (saw, beheld)

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king Yudhiṣṭhira (king, lord of men)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after this (then, from there, thereafter)

• ततः (tataḥ) - after that (after seeing) (then, from there, thereafter)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from a chariot)

• अवारोहत् (avārohat) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) descended (descended)

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - along with his brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

• धर्मराट् (dharmarāṭ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of righteousness (dharma) (righteous king, king of dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

शयानम् (śayānam) - him who was lying down (referring to Bhīṣma) (lying down, sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping

Present Active Participle

From root śī (to lie down) + śānac (ātmanepada participle) suffix

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Present active participle, used adjectivally.

वीरशयने (vīraśayane) - on the bed of arrows (referring to Bhīṣma's state) (on a hero's bed)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vīraśayana

vīraśayana - hero's bed, bed of a brave person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+śayana)

• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• śayana – bed, couch, lying, sleeping
  noun (neuter)
  From root śī (to lie down) + -ana suffix
  Root: śī (class 2)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) saw (Bhīṣma) (saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king Yudhiṣṭhira (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after this (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - after that (after seeing) (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from a chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

अवारोहत् (avārohat) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) descended (descended)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ruh

Imperfect tense

From ava- + root ruh, Imperfect 3rd singular

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - along with his brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/postposition governing instrumental case

धर्मराट् (dharmarāṭ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of righteousness (dharma) (righteous king, king of dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāj

dharmarāj - righteous king, king of dharma (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāj)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain) + -man suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāj – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root rāj (to rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: The final 't' is due to sandhi rules for 'j' at the end of a word or before a voiceless consonant.