महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128, verse-9

उमोवाच ।
वाहनेषु प्रभूतेषु श्रीमत्स्वन्येषु सत्सु ते ।
कथं गोवृषभो देव वाहनत्वमुपागतः ॥९॥

9. umovāca ,
vāhaneṣu prabhūteṣu śrīmatsvanyeṣu satsu te ,
kathaṁ govṛṣabho deva vāhanatvamupāgataḥ.

9. umā uvāca vāhaneṣu prabhūteṣu śrīmatsu anyeṣu
satsu te katham govṛṣabhaḥ deva vāhanatvam upāgataḥ

9. umā uvāca deva te prabhūteṣu śrīmatsu anyeṣu
vāhaneṣu satsu katham govṛṣabhaḥ vāhanatvam upāgataḥ

9. Umā spoke: 'O god, when there are many other splendid vehicles available to you, how did a bull come to be your mount?'

Words meanings summery:

• उमा (umā) - Umā (name of Pārvatī)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• वाहनेषु (vāhaneṣu) - among vehicles, on conveyances

• प्रभूतेषु (prabhūteṣu) - abundant, numerous, many

• श्रीमत्सु (śrīmatsu) - glorious, splendid, wealthy

• अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - among other, in other

• सत्सु (satsu) - existing, being (when there are)

• ते (te) - your, to you

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• गोवृषभः (govṛṣabhaḥ) - bull (lit. chief of cattle)

• देव (deva) - O god, O divine one

• वाहनत्वम् (vāhanatvam) - the state of being a vehicle, vehicular nature

• उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - attained, approached, arrived at

Words meanings and morphology

उमा (umā) - Umā (name of Pārvatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of umā

umā - Umā (a name of Pārvatī)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

From root vac, perfect form

Root: vac (class 2)

वाहनेषु (vāhaneṣu) - among vehicles, on conveyances

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vāhana

vāhana - vehicle, conveyance, mount

प्रभूतेषु (prabhūteṣu) - abundant, numerous, many

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of prabhūta

prabhūta - abundant, much, numerous, great

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

श्रीमत्सु (śrīmatsu) - glorious, splendid, wealthy

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, splendid, prosperous, wealthy

From śrī + matup suffix

अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - among other, in other

(pronoun/adjective)

सत्सु (satsu) - existing, being (when there are)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of sat

sat - existing, being, good, real

Present Active Participle

From root as

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

गोवृषभः (govṛṣabhaḥ) - bull (lit. chief of cattle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govṛṣabha

govṛṣabha - bull, chief among cattle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+vṛṣabha)

• go – cow, cattle, earth, ray of light
  noun (feminine/masculine)
• vṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

देव (deva) - O god, O divine one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine, celestial

वाहनत्वम् (vāhanatvam) - the state of being a vehicle, vehicular nature

(noun)

neuter, singular of vāhanatva

vāhanatva - the state or quality of being a vehicle/mount

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāhana+tva)

• vāhana – vehicle, mount, conveyance
  noun (neuter)
• tva – suffix denoting state, quality, or abstract noun
  suffix (neuter)

उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - attained, approached, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, attained, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam with prefix upa + ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)