महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-128, verse-56
सर्वातिथ्यं त्रिवर्गस्य यथाशक्ति यथार्हतः ।
शूद्रधर्मः परो नित्यं शुश्रूषा च द्विजातिषु ॥५६॥
शूद्रधर्मः परो नित्यं शुश्रूषा च द्विजातिषु ॥५६॥
56. sarvātithyaṁ trivargasya yathāśakti yathārhataḥ ,
śūdradharmaḥ paro nityaṁ śuśrūṣā ca dvijātiṣu.
śūdradharmaḥ paro nityaṁ śuśrūṣā ca dvijātiṣu.
56.
sarvātithyam trivargasya yathāśakti yathārhati
śūdradharmaḥ paraḥ nityam śuśrūṣā ca dvijātiṣu
śūdradharmaḥ paraḥ nityam śuśrūṣā ca dvijātiṣu
56.
yathāśakti yathārhati trivargasya sarvātithyam
ca dvijātiṣu śuśrūṣā paraḥ nityam śūdradharmaḥ
ca dvijātiṣu śuśrūṣā paraḥ nityam śūdradharmaḥ
56.
Providing hospitality to all, according to one's capacity and suitability, to those pursuing the three aims of life; this is the supreme and eternal intrinsic nature (dharma) of a śūdra, along with service to the twice-born (dvijātis).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वातिथ्यम् (sarvātithyam) - providing hospitality to all (hospitality to all)
- त्रिवर्गस्य (trivargasya) - to those pursuing the three aims of life (of the three aims (dharma, artha, kāma))
- यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to one's capacity (according to power, according to one's capacity)
- यथार्हति (yathārhati) - according to suitability (according to suitability, as is proper)
- शूद्रधर्मः (śūdradharmaḥ) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a śūdra (the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a śūdra, the duty of a labourer)
- परः (paraḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal (adverbially, always) (eternally, constantly, always, perpetually)
- शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service (service, desire to serve, obedience)
- च (ca) - along with (and, also)
- द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - to the twice-born (dvijātis) (among the twice-born, towards the twice-born)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वातिथ्यम् (sarvātithyam) - providing hospitality to all (hospitality to all)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvātithya
sarvātithya - hospitality to all
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+ātithya)
- sarva – all, every
pronoun (neuter) - ātithya – hospitality
noun (neuter)
त्रिवर्गस्य (trivargasya) - to those pursuing the three aims of life (of the three aims (dharma, artha, kāma))
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of trivarga
trivarga - the three aims of life (dharma, artha, kāma)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tri+varga)
- tri – three
numeral (masculine) - varga – class, group, category
noun (masculine)
यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to one's capacity (according to power, according to one's capacity)
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+śakti)
- yathā – as, according to, just as
indeclinable - śakti – power, ability, energy
noun (feminine)
Root: śak (class 5)
यथार्हति (yathārhati) - according to suitability (according to suitability, as is proper)
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+arhat)
- yathā – as, according to, just as
indeclinable - arhat – fitting, proper, worthy
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
Root: arh (class 1)
Note: Here appears to be a shortened form of yathārhatas or similar indeclinable.
शूद्रधर्मः (śūdradharmaḥ) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a śūdra (the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a śūdra, the duty of a labourer)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdradharma
śūdradharma - the duty or intrinsic nature of a śūdra
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+dharma)
- śūdra – a member of the fourth social class (labourer)
noun (masculine) - dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
परः (paraḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of para
para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate
नित्यम् (nityam) - eternal (adverbially, always) (eternally, constantly, always, perpetually)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used here as an adverb 'always' or 'eternally'.
शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service (service, desire to serve, obedience)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā
śuśrūṣā - service, desire to serve, obedience
Root: śru (class 5)
च (ca) - along with (and, also)
(indeclinable)
द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - to the twice-born (dvijātis) (among the twice-born, towards the twice-born)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of dvijāti
dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+jāti)
- dvi – two
numeral (masculine) - jāti – birth, origin, class
noun (feminine)
Root: jan (class 4)