महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128, verse-35

महेश्वर उवाच ।
रहस्यश्रवणं धर्मो वेदव्रतनिषेवणम् ।
व्रतचर्यापरो धर्मो गुरुपादप्रसादनम् ॥३५॥

35. maheśvara uvāca ,
rahasyaśravaṇaṁ dharmo vedavrataniṣevaṇam ,
vratacaryāparo dharmo gurupādaprasādanam.

35. maheśvaraḥ uvāca rahasyaśravaṇam dharmaḥ vedavrataniṣevaṇam
vratacaryāparaḥ dharmaḥ gurupādaprasādanam

35. maheśvaraḥ uvāca rahasyaśravaṇam dharmaḥ vedavrataniṣevaṇam
vratacaryāparaḥ dharmaḥ gurupādaprasādanam

35. Maheśvara said: "Listening to confidential teachings is a natural law (dharma); observing the Vedic vows (vrata) is a natural law (dharma); dedicated adherence to vows is a natural law (dharma); and propitiating the feet of one's spiritual teacher (guru) is a natural law (dharma)."

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - The Great Lord (a name for Shiva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• रहस्यश्रवणम् (rahasyaśravaṇam) - listening to secrets/confidential teachings

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - a natural law (dharma) (duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature)

• वेदव्रतनिषेवणम् (vedavrataniṣevaṇam) - observance of Vedic vows

• व्रतचर्यापरः (vratacaryāparaḥ) - intent on the observance of vows, dedicated to vows

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - a natural law (dharma) (duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature)

• गुरुपादप्रसादनम् (gurupādaprasādanam) - propitiation/pleasing of the teacher's (guru) feet

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वरः (maheśvaraḥ) - The Great Lord (a name for Shiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord, Shiva

From mahat (great) + īśvara (lord).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+īśvara)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś (to rule).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Masculine proper noun, nominative singular.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

रहस्यश्रवणम् (rahasyaśravaṇam) - listening to secrets/confidential teachings

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rahasyaśravaṇa

rahasyaśravaṇa - listening to secrets, hearing confidential teachings

Compound of rahasya (secret) and śravaṇa (hearing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rahasya+śravaṇa)

• rahasya – secret, mystery, confidential
  noun (neuter)
  From rahas (secret place).
• śravaṇa – hearing, listening, the act of hearing
  noun (neuter)
  From √śru (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 1)

Note: Neuter noun, nominative singular.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - a natural law (dharma) (duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

From √dhṛ 'to uphold, support'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Masculine noun, nominative singular.

वेदव्रतनिषेवणम् (vedavrataniṣevaṇam) - observance of Vedic vows

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vedavrataniṣevaṇa

vedavrataniṣevaṇa - observance of vows related to the Vedas

Compound of Veda, vrata (vow), and niṣevaṇa (observance).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+vrata+niṣevaṇa)

• veda – sacred knowledge, the Vedas
  noun (masculine)
  From √vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)
• niṣevaṇa – service, practice, observance, devotion
  noun (neuter)
  From √sev (to serve) with prefix ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Neuter noun, nominative singular. A nominal compound.

व्रतचर्यापरः (vratacaryāparaḥ) - intent on the observance of vows, dedicated to vows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vratacaryāpara

vratacaryāpara - devoted to the performance of vows, engaged in solemn observances

Compound of vratacaryā (observance of vows) and para (intent on, devoted to).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vrata+caryā+para)

• vrata – vow, sacred observance
  noun (neuter)
• caryā – conduct, practice, observance
  noun (feminine)
  From √car (to move, behave).
  Root: car (class 1)
• para – chief, principal, devoted to, intent on
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Masculine adjective, nominative singular, describing what constitutes dharma.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - a natural law (dharma) (duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

From √dhṛ 'to uphold, support'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Masculine noun, nominative singular.

गुरुपादप्रसादनम् (gurupādaprasādanam) - propitiation/pleasing of the teacher's (guru) feet

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gurupādaprasādana

gurupādaprasādana - propitiating the feet of the guru, gaining the guru's favor

Compound of guru (teacher), pāda (foot), and prasādana (propitiation).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+pāda+prasādana)

• guru – teacher, spiritual guide
  noun (masculine)
• pāda – foot, step, quarter
  noun (masculine)
• prasādana – propitiation, appeasing, pleasing
  noun (neuter)
  From √sad (to sit) with prefix pra, used in causative.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Neuter noun, nominative singular. A nominal compound.