महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128, verse-30

महेश्वर उवाच ।
न्यायतस्ते महाभागे संशयः समुदीरितः ।
भूमिदेवा महाभागाः सदा लोके द्विजातयः ॥३०॥

30. maheśvara uvāca ,
nyāyataste mahābhāge saṁśayaḥ samudīritaḥ ,
bhūmidevā mahābhāgāḥ sadā loke dvijātayaḥ.

30. maheśvara uvāca nyāyatas te mahābhāge saṃśayaḥ
samudiritaḥ bhūmidevāḥ mahābhāgāḥ sadā loke dvijātayaḥ

30. maheśvara uvāca mahābhāge te saṃśayaḥ nyāyatas
samudiritaḥ dvijātayaḥ bhūmidevāḥ mahābhāgāḥ sadā loke

30. Maheśvara said: "O greatly fortunate one, your doubt has been properly raised. The twice-born (dvijātayaḥ), who are the gods of the earth, are always highly fortunate in this world."

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Great lord, Shiva

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न्यायतस् (nyāyatas) - properly, justly, according to justice

• ते (te) - your, to you

• महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O greatly fortunate one, O highly esteemed lady

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, question

• समुदिरितः (samudiritaḥ) - raised, expressed, uttered

• भूमिदेवाः (bhūmidevāḥ) - gods of the earth, Brahmins

• महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - greatly fortunate ones, highly esteemed

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) (twice-born ones, Brahmins)

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Great lord, Shiva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great lord, Shiva

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

न्यायतस् (nyāyatas) - properly, justly, according to justice

(indeclinable)

Derived from nyāya with -tas suffix

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Could also be dative singular. Context suggests genitive 'your doubt'.

महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O greatly fortunate one, O highly esteemed lady

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mahābhāgā

mahābhāgā - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bhāga – fortune, share
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, question

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty

From sam-śī 'to lie together, to be uncertain'

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

समुदिरितः (samudiritaḥ) - raised, expressed, uttered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudirita

samudirita - uttered, spoken, raised

Past Passive Participle

From root īr (to stir, to move) with prefixes sam-ud

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saṃśayaḥ'.

भूमिदेवाः (bhūmidevāḥ) - gods of the earth, Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūmideva

bhūmideva - gods of the earth (referring to Brahmins)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+deva)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)

Note: Refers to Brahmins.

महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - greatly fortunate ones, highly esteemed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bhāga – fortune, share
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'dvijātayaḥ' or 'bhūmidevāḥ'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Root: lok (class 1)

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) (twice-born ones, Brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, but often specifically Brahmin)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• jāti – birth, class
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: In the context of 'gods of the earth' it refers specifically to Brahmins.