महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128, verse-49

तत्र राज्ञः परो धर्मो दमः स्वाध्याय एव च ।
अग्निहोत्रपरिस्पन्दो दानाध्ययनमेव च ॥४९॥

49. tatra rājñaḥ paro dharmo damaḥ svādhyāya eva ca ,
agnihotraparispando dānādhyayanameva ca.

49. tatra rājñaḥ paraḥ dharmaḥ damaḥ svādhyāyaḥ eva
ca agni-hotra-parispandaḥ dāna-adhyayanam eva ca

49. tatra rājñaḥ paraḥ dharmaḥ damaḥ svādhyāyaḥ eva
ca agni-hotra-parispandaḥ dāna-adhyayanam eva ca

49. In that context, for a king, the supreme natural law (dharma) is self-control and scriptural study. Furthermore, the performance of the agnihotra fire ritual, giving (dāna), and continued study are also enjoined.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that context

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king, for the king

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, other, excellent)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - supreme natural law (natural law, duty, righteousness)

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint

• स्वाध्यायः (svādhyāyaḥ) - self-study, study of one's own sacred texts, scriptural study

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• च (ca) - and

• अग्नि-होत्र-परिस्पन्दः (agni-hotra-parispandaḥ) - performance of the Agnihotra (fire ritual)

• दान-अध्ययनम् (dāna-adhyayanam) - giving and study, charity and study

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that context

(indeclinable)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king, for the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, other, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, chief, other, distant

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - supreme natural law (natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, taming

स्वाध्यायः (svādhyāyaḥ) - self-study, study of one's own sacred texts, scriptural study

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svādhyāya

svādhyāya - self-study, study of the Vedas, scriptural recitation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+adhyāya)

• sva – one's own
  pronoun
• adhyāya – reading, lesson, chapter, study
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अग्नि-होत्र-परिस्पन्दः (agni-hotra-parispandaḥ) - performance of the Agnihotra (fire ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agnihotraparispanda

agnihotraparispanda - performance/stirring of the Agnihotra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agnihotra+parispanda)

• agnihotra – a particular Vedic fire ritual
  noun (neuter)
• parispanda – movement, vibration, performance (of a ritual)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: spand (class 1)

दान-अध्ययनम् (dāna-adhyayanam) - giving and study, charity and study

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dānādhyayana

dānādhyayana - giving and study

Compound type : dvandva (dāna+adhyayana)

• dāna – giving, charity, gift
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• adhyayana – study, reading, learning
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)