महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128, verse-42

भुक्ते परिजने पश्चाद्भोजनं धर्म उच्यते ।
ब्राह्मणस्य गृहस्थस्य श्रोत्रियस्य विशेषतः ॥४२॥

42. bhukte parijane paścādbhojanaṁ dharma ucyate ,
brāhmaṇasya gṛhasthasya śrotriyasya viśeṣataḥ.

42. bhukte parijane paścāt bhojanam dharmaḥ ucyate
brāhmaṇasya gṛhasthasya śrotriyasya viśeṣataḥ

42. गृहस्थस्य ब्राह्मणस्य श्रोत्रियस्य विशेषतः
परिजने भुक्ते पश्चात् भोजनम् धर्मः उच्यते

42. It is declared to be the proper conduct (dharma) for a householder, especially for a brāhmaṇa who is learned in the Vedas, to partake of his meal only after his dependents have eaten.

Words meanings summery:

• भुक्ते (bhukte) - after (they have) eaten (having eaten, enjoyed; eaten)

• परिजने (parijane) - household members, dependents (attendants, retinue, household members, dependents)

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, behind, later, subsequently

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - the meal (one takes) (eating, food, meal)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - proper conduct or duty (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, proper conduct)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brāhmaṇa

• गृहस्थस्य (gṛhasthasya) - of a householder

• श्रोत्रियस्य (śrotriyasya) - of one learned in the Vedas, a learned Brahmin

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

Words meanings and morphology

भुक्ते (bhukte) - after (they have) eaten (having eaten, enjoyed; eaten)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of bhukta

bhukta - eaten, enjoyed, consumed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhuj (to enjoy, eat)

Root: √bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used as a noun in a locative absolute construction with 'parijane'

परिजने (parijane) - household members, dependents (attendants, retinue, household members, dependents)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parijana

parijana - attendants, retinue, household; people around

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, behind, later, subsequently

(indeclinable)

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - the meal (one takes) (eating, food, meal)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - eating, feeding, food, meal

verbal noun

Derived from root √bhuj (to eat, enjoy)

Root: √bhuj (class 7)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - proper conduct or duty (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, proper conduct)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion, constitution, proper conduct

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, a Brahmin

गृहस्थस्य (gṛhasthasya) - of a householder

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - a householder, one who stays in a house; the second stage of life (āśrama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated in, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √sthā
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

श्रोत्रियस्य (śrotriyasya) - of one learned in the Vedas, a learned Brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śrotriya

śrotriya - a Brahmin learned in the Vedas; one who knows the śruti

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

(indeclinable)