महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128, verse-45

एष द्विजजने धर्मो गार्हस्थ्यो लोकधारणः ।
द्विजातीनां सतां नित्यं सदैवैष प्रवर्तते ॥४५॥

45. eṣa dvijajane dharmo gārhasthyo lokadhāraṇaḥ ,
dvijātīnāṁ satāṁ nityaṁ sadaivaiṣa pravartate.

45. eṣaḥ dvijajane dharmaḥ gārhasthyaḥ lokadhāraṇaḥ
dvijātīnām satām nityam sadā eva eṣaḥ pravartate

45. एषः गार्हस्थ्यः लोकधारणः धर्मः द्विजजने (अस्ति)एषः द्विजातीनाम् सताम् नित्यम् सदा एव प्रवर्तते।

45. This householder's proper conduct (dharma), which sustains the world, is applicable to the twice-born. Indeed, this (dharma) always prevails among the virtuous among the twice-born.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine singular nominative)

• द्विजजने (dvijajane) - among the twice-born people, in the community of the twice-born

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - proper conduct (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, proper conduct)

• गार्हस्थ्यः (gārhasthyaḥ) - pertaining to a householder, householder's

• लोकधारणः (lokadhāraṇaḥ) - sustaining the world, supporting the people

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous (people) (of the virtuous, of the good, of the existent)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine singular nominative)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, operates, prevails, manifests

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

द्विजजने (dvijajane) - among the twice-born people, in the community of the twice-born

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvijajana

dvijajana - the community or class of the twice-born

Compound of dvija (twice-born) and jana (people)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+jana)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya)
  noun (masculine)
• jana – person, people, community
  noun (masculine)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - proper conduct (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, proper conduct)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion, constitution, proper conduct

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

गार्हस्थ्यः (gārhasthyaḥ) - pertaining to a householder, householder's

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gārhasthya

gārhasthya - pertaining to a householder, household; the state or duty of a householder

Derived from 'gṛhastha' (householder)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'

लोकधारणः (lokadhāraṇaḥ) - sustaining the world, supporting the people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lokadhāraṇa

lokadhāraṇa - sustaining the world, supporting the people

Compound of loka (world/people) and dhāraṇa (sustaining)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+dhāraṇa)

• loka – world, people, folk
  noun (masculine)
• dhāraṇa – holding, bearing, supporting, sustaining
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root '√dhṛ' (to hold, support)
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - a member of the three upper classes (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), literally 'twice-born'

Compound of dvi (two) and jāti (birth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous (people) (of the virtuous, of the good, of the existent)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

Present participle of the root '√as' (to be)

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Used here as a noun, referring to virtuous people

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, operates, prevails, manifests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)