महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-315, verse-56

तस्माद्ब्रह्मविदो ब्रह्म नाधीयन्तेऽतिवायति ।
वायोर्वायुभयं ह्युक्तं ब्रह्म तत्पीडितं भवेत् ॥५६॥

56. tasmādbrahmavido brahma nādhīyante'tivāyati ,
vāyorvāyubhayaṁ hyuktaṁ brahma tatpīḍitaṁ bhavet.

56. tasmāt brahmavidaḥ brahma na adhīyante ativāyati
vāyoḥ vāyubhayam hi uktam brahma tat pīḍitam bhavet

56. tasmāt brahmavidaḥ brahma na adhīyante ativāyati hi
vāyoḥ vāyubhayam uktam tat brahma pīḍitam bhavet

56. Therefore, those who know the ultimate reality (brahman) do not study the sacred texts (brahman) when the wind blows excessively; for it is stated that fear arises from the wind, and that ultimate reality (brahman) would be afflicted.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - those who know the ultimate reality (brahman) (knowers of brahman, wise men)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the sacred texts (Veda) (the Veda, sacred texts, ultimate reality)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अधीयन्ते (adhīyante) - they study (the Veda) (they study, they read)

• अतिवायति (ativāyati) - when the wind blows excessively (when it blows excessively)

• वायोः (vāyoḥ) - from the wind (from the wind, of the wind)

• वायुभयम् (vāyubhayam) - fear from the wind (fear of wind, danger from wind)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, indeed, because)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - is stated (said, spoken, stated)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - that ultimate reality (brahman) (the Veda, ultimate reality, sacred power)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to brahman) (that)

• पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - afflicted (oppressed, afflicted, tormented)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be (it would be, it should be, it may be)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a causal conjunction.

ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - those who know the ultimate reality (brahman) (knowers of brahman, wise men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knower of brahman, one who knows the sacred truth or ultimate reality

From brahman (sacred utterance/ultimate reality) + vid (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – ultimate reality, sacred word, Veda, prayer
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of na adhīyante.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the sacred texts (Veda) (the Veda, sacred texts, ultimate reality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - sacred utterance, Veda, sacred text, ultimate reality (brahman), prayer

Note: Object of adhīyante.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अधीयन्ते (adhīyante) - they study (the Veda) (they study, they read)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of adhī

From adhi-ī (to go over, study). Root ī (to go).

Prefix: adhi

Root: ī (class 2)

Note: The subject is brahmavidaḥ.

अतिवायति (ativāyati) - when the wind blows excessively (when it blows excessively)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ativāyat

ativāyat - blowing excessively or violently

Present Active Participle

Locative singular of the present active participle ativāyat, from ati-vā (to blow excessively). Root vā (to blow).

Prefix: ati

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Locative singular of the present active participle ativāyat, implying "when the wind blows excessively."

वायोः (vāyoḥ) - from the wind (from the wind, of the wind)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, god of wind

Note: Source of vāyubhayam.

वायुभयम् (vāyubhayam) - fear from the wind (fear of wind, danger from wind)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vāyubhaya

vāyubhaya - fear of wind, danger from wind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+bhaya)

• vāyu – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• bhaya – fear, alarm, danger
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of uktam.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - is stated (said, spoken, stated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, stated, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak, say). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - that ultimate reality (brahman) (the Veda, ultimate reality, sacred power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - sacred utterance, Veda, ultimate reality (brahman), divine essence

Note: Subject of bhavet.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to brahman) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Emphasizes brahma.

पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - afflicted (oppressed, afflicted, tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - oppressed, afflicted, tormented, distressed

Past Passive Participle

From root pīḍ (to oppress, afflict).

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be (it would be, it should be, it may be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, potential sense.

Root: bhū (class 1)