महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-315, verse-12

भो भो महर्षे वासिष्ठ ब्रह्मघोषो न वर्तते ।
एको ध्यानपरस्तूष्णीं किमास्से चिन्तयन्निव ॥१२॥

12. bho bho maharṣe vāsiṣṭha brahmaghoṣo na vartate ,
eko dhyānaparastūṣṇīṁ kimāsse cintayanniva.

12. bho bho maharṣe vāsiṣṭha brahmaghoṣaḥ na vartate
ekaḥ dhyānaparaḥ tūṣṇīm kim āsse cintayann iva

12. bho bho maharṣe vāsiṣṭha brahmaghoṣaḥ na vartate
kim ekaḥ dhyānaparaḥ tūṣṇīm cintayan iva āsse

12. O great sage, descendent of Vasiṣṭha! The sound of the Vedas (brahman) is not heard. Why are you sitting alone, silently, devoted to meditation (dhyāna), as if contemplating something?

Words meanings summery:

• भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

• भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

• महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage

• वासिष्ठ (vāsiṣṭha) - O Vāsiṣṭha! (descendant of Vasiṣṭha)

• ब्रह्मघोषः (brahmaghoṣaḥ) - the sound of the Vedas (brahman) (the sound of the Vedas, the recitation of sacred texts)

• न (na) - not

• वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, revolves

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, solitary, one

• ध्यानपरः (dhyānaparaḥ) - devoted to meditation (dhyāna) (devoted to meditation, immersed in contemplation)

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly

• किम् (kim) - why? what?

• आस्से (āsse) - you sit, you are

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, contemplating

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

Words meanings and morphology

भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, venerable seer

Compound mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ṛṣi)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Vyāsa.

वासिष्ठ (vāsiṣṭha) - O Vāsiṣṭha! (descendant of Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vāsiṣṭha

vāsiṣṭha - descendant of Vasiṣṭha, belonging to Vasiṣṭha's lineage

Patronimic from Vasiṣṭha.

Note: Addressed to Vyāsa.

ब्रह्मघोषः (brahmaghoṣaḥ) - the sound of the Vedas (brahman) (the sound of the Vedas, the recitation of sacred texts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmaghoṣa

brahmaghoṣa - sound of the Vedas, recitation of sacred texts

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+ghoṣa)

• brahman – Veda, sacred word, the Absolute
  noun (neuter)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, proclamation
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ghuṣ (to sound, proclaim).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, revolves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √vṛt

Present 3rd singular

Root √vṛt in Present middle, 3rd person singular.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, solitary, one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, solitary

ध्यानपरः (dhyānaparaḥ) - devoted to meditation (dhyāna) (devoted to meditation, immersed in contemplation)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhyānapara

dhyānapara - devoted to meditation, immersed in contemplation

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhyāna+para)

• dhyāna – meditation, contemplation
  noun (neuter)
  agent noun/gerund
  From root √dhyā (to meditate).
  Root: dhyā (class 1)
• para – intent on, devoted to, supreme, other
  adjective (masculine)

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - why? what?

(indeclinable)

आस्से (āsse) - you sit, you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √ās

Present 2nd singular

Root √ās in Present middle, 2nd person singular.

Root: ās (class 2)

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, contemplating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, contemplating, pondering

Present Active Participle

From root √cit (to perceive, think) in causative cintay with active participle suffix śatṛ.

Root: cit (class 10)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)