महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-315, verse-27

शुकस्यैतद्वचः श्रुत्वा व्यासः परमविस्मितः ।
अनध्यायनिमित्तेऽस्मिन्निदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२७॥

27. śukasyaitadvacaḥ śrutvā vyāsaḥ paramavismitaḥ ,
anadhyāyanimitte'sminnidaṁ vacanamabravīt.

27. śukasya etat vacaḥ śrutvā vyāsaḥ parama-vismitaḥ
anadhyāya-nimitte asmin idam vacanam abravīt

27. śukasya etat vacaḥ śrutvā vyāsaḥ parama-vismitaḥ
asmin anadhyāya-nimitte idam vacanam abravīt

27. Hearing these words of Śuka, Vyāsa became extremely astonished. On this very occasion of the non-study day (anadhyāya), he spoke the following words.

Words meanings summery:

• शुकस्य (śukasya) - of Śuka, Vyāsa's son (of Śuka)

• एतत् (etat) - these (words) (this, these)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - the words spoken by Śuka (word, speech)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (these words) (having heard)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - the sage Vyāsa (Vyāsa)

• परम-विस्मितः (parama-vismitaḥ) - extremely astonished (greatly astonished, extremely amazed)

• अनध्याय-निमित्ते (anadhyāya-nimitte) - on this specific occasion of a non-study day (on the occasion of a non-study day)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - on this (occasion) (on this (masculine/neuter locative singular))

• इदम् (idam) - these (words, referring to what follows) (this, these)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - the following statement (word, speech, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Vyāsa) spoke (he said, he spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

शुकस्य (śukasya) - of Śuka, Vyāsa's son (of Śuka)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śuka

śuka - parrot; name of Vyāsa's son

Note: Possessive, modifies `vacaḥ`.

एतत् (etat) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Qualifies `vacaḥ`.

वचः (vacaḥ) - the words spoken by Śuka (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech

Note: Object of `śrutvā`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (these words) (having heard)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive from root śru (class 5)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - the sage Vyāsa (Vyāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a sage)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

परम-विस्मितः (parama-vismitaḥ) - extremely astonished (greatly astonished, extremely amazed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramavismita

paramavismita - greatly astonished, extremely amazed

Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+vismita)

• parama – supreme, utmost, greatest
  adjective (neuter)
• vismita – astonished, amazed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP from vi + smi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `vyāsaḥ`. Implies 'was'.

अनध्याय-निमित्ते (anadhyāya-nimitte) - on this specific occasion of a non-study day (on the occasion of a non-study day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of anadhyāyanimitta

anadhyāyanimitta - occasion of a non-study day

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anadhyāya+nimitta)

• anadhyāya – non-study day
  noun (masculine)
• nimitta – cause, occasion, pretext
  noun (neuter)

Note: Denotes the occasion for his speech.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - on this (occasion) (on this (masculine/neuter locative singular))

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Qualifies `anadhyāyanimitte`.

इदम् (idam) - these (words, referring to what follows) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Qualifies `vacanam`.

वचनम् (vacanam) - the following statement (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Vyāsa) spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of brū

From root brū (class 2)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The `a` prefix indicates aorist tense.