महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-173, verse-50

ततः स मुनिरुत्थाय काश्यपस्तमुवाच ह ।
अहो बतासि कुशलो बुद्धिमानिति विस्मितः ॥५०॥

50. tataḥ sa munirutthāya kāśyapastamuvāca ha ,
aho batāsi kuśalo buddhimāniti vismitaḥ.

50. tataḥ saḥ muniḥ utthāya kāśyapaḥ tam uvāca ha
aho bata asi kuśalaḥ buddhimān iti vismitaḥ

50. tataḥ saḥ muniḥ kāśyapaḥ utthāya tam ha uvāca aho
bata (tvam) kuśalaḥ buddhimān asi iti (saḥ) vismitaḥ

50. Then that sage Kaśyapa, having risen, said to him, 'Oh, how astonishing! You are indeed skilled and intelligent!' Thus, he was amazed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• सः (saḥ) - refers to the sage (muni) (that (masculine singular nominative))

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Kaśyapa (sage, ascetic)

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, after getting up

• काश्यपः (kāśyapaḥ) - Kaśyapa (a prominent Vedic sage)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the person Kaśyapa is speaking to. (him, to him (masculine singular accusative))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

• अहो (aho) - oh! ah! (exclamation of surprise, joy, sorrow)

• बत (bata) - In conjunction with aho, expresses wonder/astonishment. (alas! ah! (particle expressing pity, regret, wonder))

• असि (asi) - you are

• कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, clever, proficient

• बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of the direct speech. (thus, in this manner (quotation marker))

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - Describes Kaśyapa. (astonished, surprised, amazed)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas

सः (saḥ) - refers to the sage (muni) (that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Kaśyapa (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, saint

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, after getting up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root sthā (to stand) with prefixes ud- and ā-, and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

काश्यपः (kāśyapaḥ) - Kaśyapa (a prominent Vedic sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāśyapa

kāśyapa - descendant of Kaśyapa, name of a sage

तम् (tam) - Refers to the person Kaśyapa is speaking to. (him, to him (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular

From root vac, Class 2 (irregular perfect).

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

(indeclinable)

अहो (aho) - oh! ah! (exclamation of surprise, joy, sorrow)

(indeclinable)

बत (bata) - In conjunction with aho, expresses wonder/astonishment. (alas! ah! (particle expressing pity, regret, wonder))

(indeclinable)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, Parasmaipada, 2nd Person, Singular

From root as, Class 2 (irregular).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Implied subject 'tvam'

कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, clever, proficient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, clever, prosperous, happy

बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, possessing intellect

Suffix -mat indicating possession of 'buddhi'.

इति (iti) - Marks the end of the direct speech. (thus, in this manner (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - Describes Kaśyapa. (astonished, surprised, amazed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, surprised, amazed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root smi (to smile, wonder) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)