महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-173, verse-44
नक्षत्रेष्वासुरेष्वन्ये दुस्तीर्था दुर्मुहूर्तजाः ।
संपतन्त्यासुरीं योनिं यज्ञप्रसववर्जिताम् ॥४४॥
संपतन्त्यासुरीं योनिं यज्ञप्रसववर्जिताम् ॥४४॥
44. nakṣatreṣvāsureṣvanye dustīrthā durmuhūrtajāḥ ,
saṁpatantyāsurīṁ yoniṁ yajñaprasavavarjitām.
saṁpatantyāsurīṁ yoniṁ yajñaprasavavarjitām.
44.
nakṣatreṣu āsureṣu anye dustīrthāḥ durmuhūrtajāḥ
saṃpatanti āsurīm yonim yajñaprasavavarjitām
saṃpatanti āsurīm yonim yajñaprasavavarjitām
44.
anye nakṣatreṣu āsureṣu dustīrthāḥ durmuhūrtajāḥ
yajñaprasavavarjitām āsurīm yonim saṃpatanti
yajñaprasavavarjitām āsurīm yonim saṃpatanti
44.
Others, born under inauspicious constellations, in unholy places, and at ill-omened moments, fall into a demonic realm, devoid of the benefits of Vedic rituals (yajña).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नक्षत्रेषु (nakṣatreṣu) - in constellations, in asterisms
- आसुरेषु (āsureṣu) - demonic, inauspicious, belonging to asuras
- अन्ये (anye) - others, other
- दुस्तीर्थाः (dustīrthāḥ) - having bad holy places, born in unholy places
- दुर्मुहूर्तजाः (durmuhūrtajāḥ) - born in inauspicious moments
- संपतन्ति (saṁpatanti) - they fall, descend, enter, rush into
- आसुरीम् (āsurīm) - demonic, pertaining to asuras
- योनिम् (yonim) - womb, birth, origin, realm, source
- यज्ञप्रसववर्जिताम् (yajñaprasavavarjitām) - deprived of the fruit/result of sacrifices (yajña), devoid of the progeny of sacrifices
Words meanings and morphology
नक्षत्रेषु (nakṣatreṣu) - in constellations, in asterisms
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of nakṣatra
nakṣatra - star, constellation, lunar mansion, auspicious time
आसुरेषु (āsureṣu) - demonic, inauspicious, belonging to asuras
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, plural of āsura
āsura - demonic, pertaining to asuras, inauspicious, evil
Derived from 'asura' (demon) + 'aṇ' suffix.
अन्ये (anye) - others, other
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
Note: Refers to contrast with those mentioned in the previous verse.
दुस्तीर्थाः (dustīrthāḥ) - having bad holy places, born in unholy places
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dustīrtha
dustīrtha - having bad fords, born in unholy places, having inauspicious bathing places
From 'dus' (bad, ill) + 'tīrtha' (ford, sacred place).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+tīrtha)
- dus – bad, ill, difficult (prefix)
indeclinable
Prefix indicating badness or difficulty. - tīrtha – ford, sacred bathing place, shrine, holy place
noun (neuter)
Note: This implies "born *in* unholy places".
दुर्मुहूर्तजाः (durmuhūrtajāḥ) - born in inauspicious moments
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of durmuhūrtaja
durmuhūrtaja - born in an inauspicious moment or ill-omened time
Compound of 'dur' (bad, ill) + 'muhūrta' (moment) + 'ja' (born from).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+muhūrta+ja)
- dur – bad, ill, difficult (prefix)
indeclinable
Prefix indicating badness or difficulty. - muhūrta – moment, instant, auspicious time, division of time
noun (masculine) - ja – born, produced from, originating in
adjective (masculine)
Suffix derived from root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
संपतन्ति (saṁpatanti) - they fall, descend, enter, rush into
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of saṃpat
From 'sam' + root 'pat' (to fall).
Prefix: sam
Root: pat (class 1)
आसुरीम् (āsurīm) - demonic, pertaining to asuras
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of āsurī
āsurī - demonic, relating to asuras, belonging to demons
Feminine form of 'āsura'.
Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with 'yonim'.
योनिम् (yonim) - womb, birth, origin, realm, source
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of yoni
yoni - womb, birth, origin, source, realm, species
Note: Accusative singular feminine, object of 'saṃpatanti'.
यज्ञप्रसववर्जिताम् (yajñaprasavavarjitām) - deprived of the fruit/result of sacrifices (yajña), devoid of the progeny of sacrifices
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of yajñaprasavavarjita
yajñaprasavavarjita - devoid of the fruit/result of sacrifices (yajña), deprived of the offspring/outcome of sacrifices
Compound of 'yajña' (sacrifice) + 'prasava' (offspring, birth, fruit, result) + 'varjita' (deprived of, excluded).
Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+prasava+varjita)
- yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship (yajña)
noun (masculine)
From root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship) + suffix 'na'.
Root: yaj (class 1) - prasava – birth, offspring, fruit, result, production
noun (masculine)
From 'pra' + root 'sū' (to bring forth, produce) + suffix 'a'.
Prefix: pra
Root: sū (class 2) - varjita – deprived of, excluded, abandoned, avoided
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'vṛj' (to avoid, abandon) + suffix 'ta'.
Root: vṛj (class 1)
Note: 'prasava' here means 'fruit' or 'result' of the 'yajña', not literal progeny.