महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-105, verse-51

सदृशं पण्डितस्यैतदीषादन्तेन दन्तिना ।
यदेको रमतेऽरण्ये यच्चाप्यल्पेन तुष्यति ॥५१॥

51. sadṛśaṁ paṇḍitasyaitadīṣādantena dantinā ,
yadeko ramate'raṇye yaccāpyalpena tuṣyati.

51. sadṛśam paṇḍitasyā etat īṣādantena dantinā yat
ekaḥ ramate araṇye yat ca api alpena tuṣyati

51. etat paṇḍitasyā sadṛśam [asti],
yat ekaḥ araṇye ramate ca api alpena tuṣyati (iti),
īṣādantena dantinā [iva]

51. This conduct is fitting for a wise person, resembling a modest tusk on an elephant, because he delights alone in the forest and is also satisfied with little.

Words meanings summery:

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - fitting, appropriate (similar, like, suitable, appropriate)

• पण्डितस्या (paṇḍitasyā) - of a wise man, of a scholar

• एतत् (etat) - this conduct (this, this fact, this state)

• ईषादन्तेन (īṣādantena) - like a modest or slightly pointed tusk (as part of a comparison) (with a plow-tooth, with a small tusk, with a projecting tooth)

• दन्तिना (dantinā) - (compared to) an elephant (with a modest tusk) (by an elephant, by one having teeth)

• यत् (yat) - in that, because (introducing the reason/explanation for 'etat') (that, because, which)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, one, single

• रमते (ramate) - delights, lives (delights, enjoys, dwells)

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in the wilderness

• यत् (yat) - and also that (parallel to the first 'yat') (that, which)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अल्पेन (alpena) - with little, with a small amount

• तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is content, is satisfied

Words meanings and morphology

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - fitting, appropriate (similar, like, suitable, appropriate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, suitable, appropriate

Neuter nominative/accusative singular. From sa (with) + dṛś (seeing).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'etat'.

पण्डितस्या (paṇḍitasyā) - of a wise man, of a scholar

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise man, scholar, learned person

Genitive singular, masculine.

Note: Connected to 'sadṛśam' (fitting for whom).

एतत् (etat) - this conduct (this, this fact, this state)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that (near speaker)

Neuter nominative singular.

Note: Subject of the implied sentence 'etat sadṛśam asti'.

ईषादन्तेन (īṣādantena) - like a modest or slightly pointed tusk (as part of a comparison) (with a plow-tooth, with a small tusk, with a projecting tooth)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of īṣādanta

īṣādanta - plow-tooth, a small tusk, a projecting tooth

Instrumental singular, masculine/neuter.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (īṣā+danta)

• īṣā – plowshare, shaft
  noun (feminine)
• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, chew).
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Part of a comparison phrase, likely implying something simple or not prominent.

दन्तिना (dantinā) - (compared to) an elephant (with a modest tusk) (by an elephant, by one having teeth)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dantin

dantin - having teeth, an elephant

Instrumental singular, masculine. Derived from danta (tooth) + suffix -in.

Note: Part of the idiom 'īṣādantena dantina', referring to an elephant's tusk or generally a tooth.

यत् (yat) - in that, because (introducing the reason/explanation for 'etat') (that, because, which)

(indeclinable)

Can be neuter nominative/accusative singular pronoun, or indeclinable conjunction.

Note: Connects the main clause to the explanatory clauses.

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, one, single

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone

Nominative singular, masculine.

रमते (ramate) - delights, lives (delights, enjoys, dwells)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ram

present middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Action of the wise person.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in the wilderness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

Locative singular, neuter.

Note: Location for 'ramate'.

यत् (yat) - and also that (parallel to the first 'yat') (that, which)

(indeclinable)

Can be neuter nominative/accusative singular pronoun, or indeclinable conjunction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

अल्पेन (alpena) - with little, with a small amount

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - little, small

Instrumental singular, masculine/neuter.

तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is content, is satisfied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

present active

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: tuṣ (class 4)